Med Admin Flashcards

1
Q

What are controlled substances?

A

-drugs considered to have either limited medical use or high potential for abuse or addiction.

  • It is illegal to possess w/o a prescription under the 1970 comprehensive drug abuse and control act.
  • must be double-locked, counted and verified at specific times.
  • includes narcotics & anti-anxiety meds
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2
Q

What are the four types of systems for medication storage?

A

Stock supply
Unit dose
Automated dispensing system
Self-administration

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3
Q

what is pharmacokinetics?

A

refers to what happens to the drug in the body (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion).

These determine the intensity and duration of a drugโ€™s actions

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4
Q

What factors affect drug absorption?

A

depends on the

  • route of administration
  • form of the drug
  • drug solubility
  • effects of pH
  • blood flow to the area
  • pain
  • stress
  • hunger
  • fasting
  • food
  • exercise
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5
Q

An enteric-coated drug cannot

A

be decomposed by gastric secretions; thus the medication is not diluted before it reaches the intestines.

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6
Q

Timed-release (sustained release) meds dissolve

A

slowly, releasing small amounts for absorption over several hours.

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7
Q

oral preparations must be

A

water soluble so that they can dissolve in the aqueous contents of the GI tract

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8
Q

Liquids are absorbed

A

faster than tabs or caps b/c they are already dissolved

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9
Q

Drugs must be _____ ______ in order to cross cell membranes

A

lipid soluble (at least somewhat)

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10
Q

How does acidity affect absorption of meds?

A

Higher acidity in the stomach (and med) aids in the transportation of meds across the mucous membrane.

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11
Q

How does blood flow affect absorption?

A

Area where blood flow to the tissue is greatest have rapid absorption of meds

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12
Q

How does pain affect absorption?

A

can slow gastric emptying time, thus increasing absorption time

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13
Q

How does stress affect absorption?

A

can slow gastric emptying time, thus increasing absorption time

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14
Q

How does hunger affect absorption?

A

reduces absorption rates

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15
Q

How does fasting affect absorption rates?

A

reduces absorption rates (typically the longer the fasting, the slower the absorption)

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16
Q

How does food affect absorption rates?

A

can either increase or decrease depending on the drug. Usually decreases

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17
Q

How does exercise affect absorption rates?

A

decreases blood flow to the GI tract and thus decreases absorption rates

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18
Q

Metabolism mainly takes place in the

A

liver

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19
Q

How can drugs be excreted?

A
through the 
kidneys
liver and GI tract
lungs
exocrine glands
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20
Q

Tablespoon in mL

21
Q

1 cup in mL

22
Q

Kg in pounds

A

1 kg = 2.2 lbs

23
Q

Teaspoon in mL

24
Q

IM

A

Intramuscular

24
IV
Intravenous
24
ID
Intradermal
24
PRN
As needed
25
QD
Daily
26
SQ or SC
Subcutaneously
27
HS
Hour of Sleep
28
D/C
Discontinued
29
QID
Four times per day
30
PO
By month
31
Enteral
Oral
32
Parentral
SubQ, ID, IM, IV
33
mg in g
1000 mg = 1 g
34
mL in L
1000 mL = 1 L
35
IU
International Unit
36
QOD
Every other day
37
TIW
Three times a week
38
BID
Twice a day
39
QID
Four times per day
40
elix
Elixir
41
mcg
Micrograms
42
Q4h
Every four hours
43
OD
``` Omni die (daily) Ocular decreased (right eye) ```
44
OS
Ocular sinister (left eye)
45
tab
Tablet
46
TID
Three times per day