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Nursing - Bloomberg > Skin > Flashcards

Skin Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

Macular

A

Small, flat colour change Less than 1cm Ex. Freckles

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2
Q

Patch

A

Flat colour change More than 1cm

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3
Q

Papule

A

Shallow Ex. Nevus (mole)

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4
Q

Nodule

A

Deeper into dermis

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5
Q

Tumor

A

Larger, firm or soft

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6
Q

Urtricaria

A

Hives (wheals)

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7
Q

Vesicle

A

Fluid filled, raised Less than 1cm Ex. Mosquito bite

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8
Q

Bulla

A

Fluid filled, raised Greater than 1cm Ex. Blister

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9
Q

Cyst

A

Fluid filled, encapsulated Into dermis this tighter surface

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10
Q

Pustules

A

Not clear liquid (white or yellow)

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11
Q

Crust Lesion

A

Dried sebum, pie, or blood

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12
Q

Scale

A

Compact flakes of skin

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13
Q

Ulcer

A

Extends into dermis

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14
Q

Fissure

A

Linear cleavage

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15
Q

Excoriation

A

From an external source Reddening, rubbing

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16
Q

Atrophic Scar

A

Depression

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17
Q

Lichenification

A

Tightly packed papules Result of scratching

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18
Q

Laceration

A

Cut

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19
Q

Keloid

A

Hypertrophic scar Elevated & extended

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20
Q

Hemangioma

A

Raised from blood vessels

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21
Q

Port-wine stain

A

Flat on epidermis

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22
Q

Telangiectases

A

Blood vessels permanently dilated on surface Ex. Spider avulsions

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23
Q

Purpuric Lesion

A

Caused by blood flowing out of breaks in vessels and depositing in the tissue (extravascularly).

ie. Petechiae- red dots from blood vessels
ie. Purpura - petechiae become confluent patch
ie. Ecchymosis - bruise

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24
Q

Annular

A

Circular pigmentes lesion

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25
Confluent
Pigmented lesions merge together, with no discernible outlines. Ex. Hives
26
Discrete
Independent lesions Ex. Acne
27
Grouped
Tightly packed vesicles/lesions Ex. Contact dermatitis Ex. Poison ivy
28
Gyrate
Twisted, snake-like lesions
29
Target
Concentric rings around lesion
30
Polycyclic
Annular lesions grow together, still discrete
31
Zosteriform
Lesions follows nerve track pathway Ex. Shingles (along armpit)
32
Linear lesion
Ex. Incision, scratch
33
ABCDE of Pigmented Lesions
Asymmetrical Border irregularities Colour variation Diameter over 6mm Elevation & Enlargement
34
Nodule
35
Wheal = superficial, raised, tansient, and erythematous. Slightly irregular shape due to edema. Utricaria (hives) = Wheals that coalesce to form extensive reaction
36
Vesicle = blister, elevated cavity containing free fluid. Less than 1cm. Bulla = single-chambered in epidermis. Greater than 1cm.
37
Cyst = encapsulated fluid filled cavity in dermis or subcutaneous layer, tensely elevated skin.
38
Pustule = cavity filled with turbid fluid (pus) cicumscribed and elevated
39
Crust = thickened, dried-out exudate left when vesicles/pustules burst
40
Scale = compact, dessicated flakes of skin dry or greasy
41
Fissure = linear crack with abrupt edges, extending into dermis
42
Erosion = scooped-out but shallow depression. Superficial, epidermis lost, moist but not bleeding.
43
Ulcer = deeper depression extending into dermis. irregular shape, may bleed, and leaves scar when healed.
44
Excoriation = self-inflicted abrasion, superficial, sometimes crusted.
45
Scar = connective tissue (collagen) replaces normal tissue after skin lesion is repaired.
46
Atrophic scar = depression of skin level due to loss of tissue. Thinning epidermis.
47
Keloid = hypertrophic scar = elevation of skin level by excess scar tissue.
48
Lichenification = thickening of skin with production of tightly packed sets of papules, caused by prolonged intense scratching.
49
Port Wine Stain = large flat macula, normally coving scalp or face along Cranial Nerve V. Present at birth.
50
Strawberry mark (immature hemangioma) = raised, bright red, with well-defined borders, 2-3cm in diameter.
51
Cavernous hemangioma (mature) = reddish blue, irregularly shaped, solid, spongy mass of blood vessels.
52
Telangiectases = appearance of BVs on skin's surface. Caused by vascular dilation, permanently enlarged vessels.
53
Spider or Star Angioma = capillary radiations. Legs blanch with pressure. Associated with pregnancy, estrogen therapy, chronic liver disease, or may be normal.
54
Venous Lake = dilation of venules and capillaries in star-shaped, linear, flaring pattern. Empty with pressure. Located near varicose veins, face, lips, ears, and chest.
55
Petechiae = tiny punctuate hemorarhages, 1-3mm, round and discrete. Due to bleeding of superficial capillaries and do not blanch. May indicate abnormal clotting factors.
56
Purpura = extensive patch of petechiae and echymoses, red to purple flat macular hemorrhage, over 3mm in diameter.
57
Ecchymosis = purple patch resulting from extravasation of blood into the skin. \>3mm
58
Intertrigo (Candidaiasis) = scalding red, moist patches with demarcated borders, some loose sclaes, around genitals and inguinal folds. Caused by Candida fungus
59
Impetigo = moist, thin-roofed vesicles with thin erythematous base. Rupture followed by thick yellow crust. Due to contagious bacterial infection.
60
Atopic dermitis (eczema) = erthymatous papules and vesicles with oozing crust.
61
Tinea Corporis (ringworm) = scales are hyperpigemented in white-skinned ppl, and depigmented in darker skin tones.
62
63
What supplement helps promote wound healing and skin integrity?
zinc

Nursing - Bloomberg (52 decks)

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