MEMORY Flashcards
(20 cards)
Who created the multi- store model of memory?
Atkinson and Shriffin.
What are the three stores of the MSM?
Sensory register.
Short term memory.
Long term memory.
What are the features of each store in the MSM?
Coding.
Capacity.
Duration.
What is coding?
Different information types/ formats the brain uses to store memory.
What is capacity?
How much information can be held by a store.
What is duration?
How long information can be held in that store before loss.
What is the sensory register?
Contains immediate data that comes from senses.
What is the coding for the sensory register?
Modality specific.
What is the capacity of the sensory register?
Large, potentially unlimited. Only what is paid attention to is passed onto STM.
What is the duration of the sensory register?
Short duration before info is lost.
What is the coding for STM?
Information is stored acoustically (form of sound or spoken words).
What is the capacity of STM?
Miller suggests it is small.
7 items (+/-2).
Can be improved by chunking.
What is the duration of STM?
Short: 18-30 seconds.
What is the coding for LTM?
Stored semantically.
What is the capacity for LTM?
Very large, potentially unlimited.
What is the duration for LTM?
Potentially unlimited.
What did Baddely find in research into coding? (STM)
(Acoustically similar/ dissimilar words)
(Semantically similar/ dissimilar words)
Immediate recall was worst for list 1, recall after 20 minutes was worst for list 4.
Suggests coding in STM is acoustic.
What did Jacobs find in research into capacity? (STM)
(Digit span)
Capacity for letters averaged about 7 items for letters and 9 for numbers. Suggesting that capacity of STM is very limited.
What did Peterson and Peterson find in research into duration? (STM)
(Nonsense trigrams)
After 18 seconds recall was less than 10%.
