Memory models Flashcards
(26 cards)
What’s the multi-store memory model?
Involves all relevant information and cues passing through the short term memory, rehearsed and encoded into the long term memory.
Why’s memory vital in sport?
It involves encoding, storage and retrieval and is vital for learning a new skill or developing existing techniques, remembering the sequence or the strategies required are crucial to the outcome.
Encoding definition
This involves conversion of information into visual, auditory and semantic codes.
Storage definition
This refers to the retention of information over a period of time.
Retrieval Definition
This involves recovering the stored information. Successfully retrieval depends on previous experiences and how well encoded it was.
Memory model - chunking definition
Information can be stored in the memory more easily if it is broken down into small pieces, so that the relevant information can be focused on.
How can chunking be used in sport?
When giving feedback to a performer, the coach should present the information in small, relevant parts, rather than giving all the information at once.
Memory models- Chaining definition
A coach should link the information given to the performer. The first part of the task should be presented before going on to subsequent movement elements.
What will the process of chaining help the performer with?
It will help to preserve the task in the memory in the correct order.
What’s the short-term sensory store?
The area of the brain which receives and holds it for a short time prior to processing. If the information is deemed unimportant is lost and forgotten then replaced by new information.
What’s Selective Attention?
This is the process of sorting relevant pieces of information from the many which are received. Attention passes the information to the short-term memory which gives time for conscious analysis.
How long is information kept in the short-term memory store?
20-30 seconds
Where does it go after being transferred from short term memory?
If info is not used or is lost or passed it goes to the long-term memory store.
What happens in the long-term memory?
Once info has been logged, it remains there for a significant length of time. The long-term memory has an unlimited capacity and can store a lifetime of information.
What form is the long-term memory?
Motor programme.
What’s the two-way relationship between the short-term and long-term memory?
Information can be moved from one to the other when needed.
How is the long term memory used in sport?
To store movement patterns that can be used by the performer when needed.
How can a coach enhance the process of storing motor programmes in the LTM?
By making the player practise the task repeatedly.
Memory model- rehearsal
Involves going over the task in your mind. It stimulates the brain and the associated muscles and so helps to store information in the long-term memory.
Who created the Levels of processing model?
Craik and Lockhart.
What is Craik and Lockharts model?
Instead of concentrating on the store involved this theory concentrates on the processes involved in memory.
Why’s it unlike the multi-store memory model?
It is the meaning of the information that determines whether is ‘sticks’. The deeper the processing the longer the memory trace.
What’s the first level of processing in the ‘Levels of processing model’?
Structural processing- this is information encoded on the basis of its physical qualities.
What’s the second level in ‘Levels of processing model’?
Phonemic processing- information encoded through sound
