Metabolism

Question 1

What is catabolism?

Answer 1

The metabolic process that breaks down molecules to obtain energy.

Question 2

What is anabolism?

Answer 2

The metabolic process that builds up molecules, using energy.

Question 3

True or False: Catabolism is energy-releasing.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Which process is primarily responsible for energy production?

Answer 4

Catabolism

Question 5

Fill in the blank: Glycogen is a form of __________ stored in the liver and muscles.

Answer 5

glucose

Question 6

What is the main function of glycogen metabolism?

Answer 6

To maintain blood glucose levels and provide energy during physical activity.

Question 7

True or False: Anabolism requires energy input.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

Which hormone promotes glycogen synthesis?

Answer 8

Insulin

Question 9

During fasting, which hormone promotes glycogen breakdown?

Answer 9

Glucagon

Question 10

What are the end products of glycolysis?

Answer 10

Pyruvate, ATP, and NADH

Question 11

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is an anabolic pathway? A) Glycolysis B) Gluconeogenesis C) Citric Acid Cycle

Answer 11

B) Gluconeogenesis

Question 12

What is the process of glycogenolysis?

Answer 12

The breakdown of glycogen to glucose.

Question 13

What is the role of ATP in metabolism?

Answer 13

ATP serves as the primary energy currency of the cell.

Question 14

True or False: Glycogen is less branched than starch.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

What is the primary storage form of carbohydrates in animals?

Answer 15

Glycogen

Question 16

What is gluconeogenesis?

Answer 16

The synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors.

Question 17

Which enzyme is responsible for glycogen synthesis?

Answer 17

Glycogen synthase

Question 18

What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism?

Answer 18

Aerobic metabolism requires oxygen, while anaerobic does not.

Question 19

Fill in the blank: The citric acid cycle is also known as the __________ cycle.

Answer 19

Krebs

Question 20

True or False: Anabolism includes processes like protein synthesis.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

Which type of metabolism is responsible for muscle growth?

Answer 21

Anabolism

Question 22

What is the primary substrate for gluconeogenesis?

Answer 22

Lactate, glycerol, and amino acids

Question 23

What triggers glycogen breakdown during exercise?

Answer 23

Increased demand for energy and hormones like epinephrine.

Question 24

Multiple Choice: Which of the following processes occurs in the mitochondria? A) Glycolysis B) Oxidative phosphorylation C) Glycogenolysis

Answer 24

B) Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 25

What is the main energy carrier in cells?

Answer 25

ATP

Question 26

True or False: Glycogen can be rapidly mobilized for energy.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

What is the role of NAD+ in metabolism?

Answer 27

NAD+ acts as an electron carrier in redox reactions.

Question 28

Fill in the blank: The process of converting glucose to pyruvate is called __________.

Answer 28

glycolysis

Question 29

What is the link between catabolism and anabolism?

Answer 29

Catabolism provides the energy and building blocks for anabolic processes.

Question 30

Which organ is primarily responsible for glycogen storage?

Answer 30

Liver

Question 31

What is the role of insulin in glycogen metabolism?

Answer 31

Insulin promotes the uptake of glucose and its conversion to glycogen.

Question 32

True or False: Glycogen is synthesized only in the liver.

Answer 32

False

Question 33

What happens to glycogen stores during prolonged fasting?

Answer 33

Glycogen stores are depleted to maintain blood glucose levels.

Question 34

What is the primary function of the pentose phosphate pathway?

Answer 34

To generate NADPH and ribose-5-phosphate for anabolic reactions.

Question 35

Fill in the blank: The breakdown of fatty acids for energy is known as __________.

Answer 35

beta-oxidation

Question 36

What is the end product of anaerobic glycolysis?

Answer 36

Lactate

Question 37

True or False: Anabolic reactions are generally exergonic.

Answer 37

False

Question 38

Which molecule is considered a key regulator of metabolism?

Answer 38

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)

Question 39

What is the primary energy source for muscle contraction?

Answer 39

ATP

Question 40

What are the two main types of metabolism?

Answer 40

Catabolism and anabolism

Question 41

What is the primary role of glucagon in metabolism?

Answer 41

To increase blood glucose levels by promoting glycogenolysis.

Question 42

Fill in the blank: The storage form of glucose in plants is __________.

Answer 42

starch

Question 43

What is the process by which glucose is formed from glycogen?

Answer 43

Glycogenolysis

Question 44

True or False: Catabolic pathways are typically complex and require multiple steps.

Answer 44

True