Metformina Flashcards
(2 cards)
Effetti avversi
Metformin-associated lactic acidosis
Gastrointestinalprodromalsymptoms: nausea, vomiting,diarrhea, abdominalpain
Severe symptoms: muscle cramps,hyperventilation,apathy,disorientation,coma
Elderly individuals :Patients with cardiac or renal insufficiency
Diagnostics
Arterial blood gas(ABG):metabolic acidosisandanion gap
↑ Serumlactate
Treatment: discontinuemetforminand treatacidosis
Gastrointestinal complaints are common: nausea,diarrhea, flatulence
Vitamin B12 deficiency
Metallic taste in the mouth (dysgeusia)
Controindicazioni
Renal failure(ifcreatinine clearance< 30 mL/min)
Severeliverfailure
Intravenousiodinated contrast medium
Pausemetforminprior to surgery
Chronic pancreatitis, starvationketosis,ketoacidosis,sepsis
Heart failure(NYHAIII and IV), respiratory failure,shock,sepsis
Alcoholism
Important interactions:sulfonylureas
Metformintreatment must be paused prior to the administration of a contrast medium or scheduled surgery to reduce the risk oflactic acidosis!!!
