micro

Question 1

Chlaymida cannot make their own

Answer 1

ATp

Question 2

obligate intracellular organisms that cause mucosal infections

Answer 2

chlamydia

Question 3

C. psittaci causes what type of pneumonia

Answer 3

atypical

Question 4

2 forms of chlamydia

Answer 4

Elementary body (small dense) and reticulate body

Question 5

elementary body in chlamydia is

Answer 5

“enfectious” and Enters cell via Endcytosis; transfomred into reticulate body

Question 6

Reticulate body function

Answer 6

Replicates in cell by fission; Reorganizes into elementary bodies

Question 7

C. trachomatis causes what

Answer 7

reactive arthritis (Reiter Syndrome), follicular conjunctivitis, nongonococccal uretrhits, PID

Question 8

Chlamydophila pneumoniae and chlamydophila psittaci cause

Answer 8

atypical pnuemonia

Question 9

Chlamydophila pneumoniae and chlamydophila psittaci transmiteed by

Answer 9

aerosol

Question 10

C. trachomotis : small gram - obligate

Answer 10

intracellular bacteria

Question 11

Treatment of chlamydia

Answer 11

azithromycin (favored because one-time treatment) or doxycylcine (+ceftriaxone for possible concomitant gonorrhea)

Question 12

Lab diagnosis of chlamuydia

Answer 12

PCR, nucleic acid amplifciation test

Question 13

What is seen on Giemsa or fluorescent antibody stained smear for chlamydia

Answer 13

Cytoplasmic inclusions (reticulate bodies)

Question 14

Why can’t chlamydial cell wall cannot be seen on gram stain?

Answer 14

it’s cell wall lacks peptiodcyglan (due to reduced muramic acid) rendering b lactam antiboitics ineffectinve

Question 15

Gram stain stains what

Answer 15

peptidoglycna

Question 16

C. trachomatis serotyeps Types A, B, C

Answer 16

chronic infection, cause blindness due to follicular conjunctivitis in Africa

Question 17

ABC of C. trachomatis

Answer 17

Africa, Blindness, chronic infection

Question 18

Types D-K for C. trachomatis

Answer 18

urethritis/PID, ectopic pregnancy, neonatal pneumonia (staccato cough) w eosinophilia, neonatal conjunctivits (1-2 weeks after brith)

Question 19

How can neonatal disease be acquired in Types D-K

Answer 19

during passage through infected birth canal

Question 20

Types L1, L2, L3 of C. trachomatis

Answer 20

Lymphanogranuloma venereum

Question 21

explain lymphanogranuloma venerum

Answer 21

small, painless ulcers on genitals which cause into swollen painful inguinal lymph nodes that ulcerate (buboes)

Question 22

what are buboes

Answer 22

swollen painful inguinal lumph nodes that ulcerate

Question 23

buboes are seen in

Answer 23

C. trachomatis in L1, L2, L3

Question 24

Lymphanogranuloma venereum histo

Answer 24

LGV lesions, mixed granulomatous and neutrophilic inflammation with intracytoplasmic chlamydial inculsino bodies in eptiehlial and inflammatory cells

Question 25

Mycoplasma pneumonia: causes what type of fever

Answer 25

low grade fever

Question 26

classic cause of atypical walking pneumoina

Answer 26

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 27

explain atypical pneumoina

Answer 27

insidious onset, headache, nonproductive cough, patchy or diffuse interstital infiltrate)

Question 28

X ray looks a lot worse than patient in

Answer 28

mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 29

see high titer of cold agglutinins (igm) which can agglutinate or lyse RBC's in

Answer 29

mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 30

Grown on eaton agar

Answer 30

mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 31

does mycopaslam pneumonai have a cell wall

Answer 31

no cell wall; not seen on gram stain. pleomorphic

Question 32

this is a frequent outbreaks in military recruits and prisons

Answer 32

mycoplasma pneumonia; seen in pt's <30

Question 33

Treatment of mycoplasma pneumoniae

Answer 33

macrolides, doxycycline, or fluoroquinolones (penicillin ineffective since mycoplasma have no cell wall)

Question 34

requires cholesterol to grow

Answer 34

mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 35

why does myco[lasma pneumonia require cholesterol to grow

Answer 35

bc their cell membrane is composed of a single cholesterol rich phospholipid bilayer

Question 36

how does mycoplasma pneumoia attach

Answer 36

attaches to resp epithelium using surface antigens (I antigen) present on plasma membranes of erythrocyte

Question 37

mycopaslma is treted by drugs that inhibit

Answer 37

bacterial ribosomal fucntion ( target bacterial protein sytnehsi inhibitor)

Question 38

diffuse intersitial pneumonia cauesd by a yeaset like fungi

Answer 38

pneumocystis jirovecii

Question 39

how do you acquire pneumocystisc jiroveccii

Answer 39

inhalation; most infections are asymptomatic

Question 40

cxr/ct of pneumocystis jirovecii

Answer 40

diffuse, bilateral ground glass opacities

Question 41

how is pneumocystis jirovecci diagnosed

Answer 41

lung biopsy or lavage

Question 42

what is seen on methenamine silver stain of lung tissue for pneumocystis jiroveicc

Answer 42

disc shaped yeast

Question 43

several weeks of slowly worseing dyspnea and fever

Answer 43

pneumocystis jirovecii

Question 44

in pneumocystic jirovecii you see hwat type of materal

Answer 44

eosinophilic foamy alveolar material

Question 45

immunosuppression (AIDS) predisposes to this yeast like fungus causing diffuse interstial pneumonia

Answer 45

pneumocystis jirovecii

Question 46

Silver stain or giemsa stain for pneuomcystis jirovecii

Answer 46

cystic and trophic fomrs (cup in saucer) appearance

Question 47

Treatment / prophylaxis for PJP

Answer 47

TMP-SMX, pentamidine , dapsone (prophylaxis only), atovaquone.

Question 48

Start prophylais in PJP when

Answer 48

Cd4 count <200 in HIV pt's

Question 49

Sporotrichosis caused by

Answer 49

sporothrix schenckii

Question 50

dimorphic cigar shapped budding yeast that grows in branching hyphae with rosettes of conidia

Answer 50

sporotrhix schennckii

Question 51

Sporothrix schenckii has rosettes of

Answer 51

conidia

Question 52

thorn

Answer 52

Sporotrhix schenckii

Question 53

Sporothrix schenckii causes

Answer 53

local pustule or ucler with nodules draining lymphatics (ascending lymphangitis)

Question 54

Treatment of sporotrhix schenikii

Answer 54

itraconazole or potassium iodide

Question 55

biopsy of spporthrix schenickii

Answer 55

granuloma formation as well!

Question 56

Prophylaxis of toxoplasma gondi when cd4 count

Answer 56

<100. tmp-sx

Question 57

Prophylaxis of M. avium when cd 4 count

Answer 57

50. azitrhomycin

Question 58

aspiration Pneumonia can be caused by

Answer 58

lung parenchyma infection; aspiration of upper airway or stomach microbes (anaerobes)

Question 59

aspiration pneumonia presents how long after aspiration event

Answer 59

days. with a fever, cough increase sputum. cxr infiltrate in dependent lung (RLL) ; can progress to abscess

Question 60

pneumonitis is

Answer 60

acidic damage to alvoeli

Question 61

pneumonitis caused by

Answer 61

lung parnechyma inflammtion; aspiration of gastric acid with direct tissue injury

Question 62

pneumonitis presents

Answer 62

hours after aspiration event. range from no symptoms to nonproduitve cough. cxr infiltartes: one or both lower lungs

Question 63

absidia in what group

Answer 63

mucor and rhizopus

Question 64

invasive aspergillomas seen in

Answer 64

severely immunosuppressed pts

Question 65

aspergilloma does what to old lung caviities

Answer 65

COLONIZES

Question 66

give antiboitico prophlayxis in bordatella

Answer 66

true

Question 67

bordetella is encapsulated

Answer 67

true

Question 68

penicillium marneffei

Answer 68

opportunistic infection ; located in SE asia; think aids

Question 69

prescence of candida in sputum does not indicate

Answer 69

disease

Question 70

spore inhalation; once inside lugns turns into spherules

Answer 70

coccidiomyocosis