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staph stre Flashcards

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1
Q

most common cause of septic abortion

A

staph aureus

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2
Q

function of hyaluronidase

A

digest extracellular ground substance and enhance their ability to spread

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3
Q

hylaurinodiase used by

A

s. auerus, s pyogens, c. perfringens

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4
Q

suppurative parotitis in adults is what

A

acute viral or bacterial infection of parotid gland

firm erythematous pre/postauricular swelling: extends to mandible; elevated amylaee

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5
Q

most common cause of suppurative parotitis

A

Staph aureus(can also be cauesd by anaerobes)

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6
Q

a superantigen that binds to MHC II and T cell receptor resulting in polyclonal activation. also interacts w macs

A

TSST

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7
Q

coagulase + cocci in clusters

A

staph auerus

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8
Q

Function of staph aureus Protein A

A

virulence factor; binds Fc-IgG, inhibit complement activation and phagocytosis; prevents oposonization

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9
Q

commonly colonizes anterior nares, axilla, groin

A

staph auerus

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10
Q

Staph auerus is what color pigment

A

golden-yellow pigment

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11
Q

staph auerus causes

A

skin infections, organ abscesses, pneumonia (often after influenza virus infection). skin + soft tissue abscess

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12
Q

staph auerus heart

A

right sided endocaridtis (IV)

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13
Q

most common cause of staph auerus

A

septic arthritis, osteomyelitis

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14
Q

staph auerus enterotoxin

A

rapid food poisioning: think precooled foods, dairy products, custards, mayonnaise based salads (chicken salads; preformed, heat stable ennterotoxin

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15
Q

Scalded skin syndrome: what toxin

A

exfoliative exotoxin; acts as proteases and cleaves desmoglein in desmosomes

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16
Q

What is nikolsky’s sign and where is it seen

A

Nikolsky’s sign (SSS) (skin slipped off w gentle pressure, epidermal necrolysis, fever, pain assoc w skin rash)

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17
Q

fever, vomiting, rash, desqumation, shock, end organ failure. increase AST, ALT, bilirubin

A

Toxic shock syndrome

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18
Q

how do staph and strep pyogenes TSS are different

A

strep pyogenes TSS assoc w painful skin infection

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19
Q

Staph aureus enterotoxin is not destroyed by cookign. this means it is

A

heat stable. also is a preformed toxin

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20
Q

abscess caused by staph auerus : explain

A

forms fibrin clot around self

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21
Q

how is tracheitis different than epiglottis

A

similar but no swollen epiglotis; this is caused by staph auerus

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22
Q

S. auerus spreads

A

hematogenously

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23
Q

R sided endocarditis sends emboli to

A

lung

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24
Q

for staph aeurus why are recurrent infections common

A

bc oral antbiiotics do not eliminate colonization of nares + skin

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25
how are s. auerus and s. epidermidis different (think fermentation
s. auerus is a mannitol f ermenter
26
Infects prosthetic devices (hip implant, heart valve) and IV catheters by producing adherent biofilms
Staph epidermidis
27
most common cause of endocartitis in pt's w prostehetic valves and also septic arthrisit in pt's with prostehteic joints
staph epidermidis
28
Staph epidermidis is in the nnormal flora of the
skin
29
once introduced into body, foreign bodies become coated w layer of host proteins, including fibrinogen and fibronectin. serve as binding site for
s. epidermidis
30
after attachment of s. epidermidis occurs; bacteria multiply and communicate to induce syntehsis of
extracellular polysaccharide matrix
31
biofilm does what
barrier to antiboitioc penetration and host defenses
32
infects foreign bodies * ; contaminates blood cultures
s. epidermidids
33
ventriculoperitoneal shutns
s. epidermidis (also is ureas +, cocci in clusters
34
what is MRSA
methicillin resistant S . auerus: impto cause of serious nosocomial and community acquired infectiosn
35
why are MRSA resistant to methicillin and nafcillin
because of altered penicillin binding protien
36
all staph are cocci in clusters
true
37
S. saprophyticus. is in the normal flora of
female genital tract and perineum
38
2nd most common cause of uncomplicated UTI in young women
S. saprophyticus (urease +)
39
gram + lancet shaped diplococci in pairs
strep pneumoniae
40
MOBS: strep pneumonia most common cause
meningitis otitis media (in children) bacterial pneumonia sinusitis
41
most common cause of community acquired pneumonia in both HIV infected and HIV uninfected individulas
s. pneumoniae
42
what are virulence factors for strep pneumoniae
adhesins (adhesion to epithelial cells) pneumolysin (cytotoxin that causes pores in cell membranes and cell lysis IgA protease encapsulated
43
describe strep capsule
thick polysaccharide: encases organisms and prevent phagocytosis + complement binding
44
pneumococcus associated with
rusty sputum, sepsis in pt's w sickle cell disease, asplenic pt's
45
is there a pneumococcal vaccine
yes; against capsule
46
quellung reaction is
S. pneumonia capsule swells and appears as halo around blue srand bacterial cells when anti capuslar antiboides and methylene blue dye are added
47
normal flora of oropharynx
Viridans group streptococci
48
Viridans includes
Strep mutans, S. mitis. S. sanguinis
49
which viridans cause dental caries
strep mutans and mitis
50
subacute bacterial endocaritis at damaged heart valves
S. sanguinis
51
what do s. sanguinis makes: these bind to fibrin platelet aggregates on damaged heart valves
dextrans
52
insoulble extracellular polysaccharides that use sucrose as substrate that adhere to
dextrans adhere to both enameland fibrin platelt aggregates
53
n. meningitiids colonizes the
nasopharynx.; goes through bloodstream
54
pyogenic- pharyngitis, cellulitis, impetigo (honey crusted lesions, erysipelas
strep pyogenes
55
toxigenic: scarlet fever, TSST, necrotizing fasciitis
strep pyogenesi
56
strep pyogenic immunolicagl cause
rheumatic fever, glomerulonephritis (PSGN)
57
which s. pyogenes capule inhibits phagocytosis
hyaluronic acid capsule
58
antbiodies to M protine enhance host defenses against S. pyogenes butc ccan vgive rise to
can give rise to rheumatic fever
59
you see acute rheumatic fever after GAS pharynigits or GAS skin infection
GAS pharyngitis you see glomerulonephritis after GAS skin infection
60
what does s. pyogenes bind to
factor H: prevents opsoniziation
61
pyrogenic extoxin acts as a
superantigen; inducing fever and shock; assoc w scarlet fever; strep tTSS
62
M protein is an alpha helicalc coiled coli protein that shares structural homology w
other coiled protiens such as tropomyosin and myosin
63
antigen mimicry
antibodies against M protein in cuate infection may cross recat with epiptopes of mysoni ion heart = rheumatic carditis
64
blanching, sandpaper like body rash, strawberry tongue, circumoral pallor
scarlet fever: erythrogenic toxin +
65
you see ASO titer or anti dNase B antibodies in
recent S. pyogenes infection
66
Group B strep is for
BaBIES
67
group b strep (strep agalactiase) causes what in babies
pnuemona, sepsis, meningits
68
produces CAMP factor
strep agalactiase
69
purpose of CAMP factor
enlarges area of hemolysis for s. auerus
70
universal screening of pregnant women at 35-37 weeks for what
strep agalactiae
71
if you have a + culture during prennacy receive
intrapartum penicllin (or ampicilin) prophylaxis
72
is there a vaccine to strep agalacitae
NO
73
THIS COLONIZES THE GUT
S. bovis
74
S. gallolyticus (s. bovis type I) can cause
bacteremia and subacute endocarditis
75
colon cancer
s bovis
76
why is s. bovis endocardiits unique
no preexisting valuvlar abnomralite
77
what differenteiates non enteroccoucs and neteroccocus
enteroccous is PYR +
78
PYR stands for
pyrrolidonyl arylamidase
79
normal colonic flora that are penicllin G resistant
Enterococci
80
cause UTi, biliary tract infections, subactue endocarditis (following GI/GU procedures)
enterocci
81
variable hemolyssi
enterococci
82
what is VRE
vancomycin resistant enteroccoi: impt cause of noscomial infection
83
think of a recently undergone cystocopy or colonsocpy: endocarditis
enterocci (e. faecalis, and E. faecium

Microbiology (13 decks)

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