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Microbiology > nematode > Flashcards

nematode Flashcards

1
Q

nematode route of infection

ingested

A

ingested: enterobious, ascaris, toxocara, trichinella

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2
Q

You’ll get sick if you EATT these

A

enterobious
ascaris
toxocara
trichinella

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3
Q

Cutaneous nematode route of infection

A

strongyloides
ancylostoma
necator

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4
Q

These get into your feet from the SANd

A

Cutaneous nematode infection
strongyloides
ancylostoma
necator

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5
Q

Bites nematode routes of infection

A

Loa loa
ONchocerca volvulus
Wuchereria bancrofti

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6
Q

Lay LOW to avoid getting bitten

A

Loa loa
onchocerca volvulus
Wuchereria bancrofti

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7
Q

how does immune respone to helmints include

A

eosinophils

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8
Q

what type of hypersentiivity reaction in response to helmnitsh

A

eosinophils act by type I and Type II hypersentivity

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9
Q

neutraliziation of histamine and leukotries in response to helminths

A

Type I HSR

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10
Q

eosinophisl attach to surface of helminths via IgE and release cytotoxins (major basic protein) contained in granules

A

Type 2 HSR

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11
Q

cauess anal pruritius (diagnosed by seeing egg via tape test on perianal region

A

enterobius vermicularis (pinworm)

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12
Q

perianal itching

A

enterobius

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13
Q

transmission of enterobious

A

fecal oral

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14
Q

treatment of enterobious

A

pyrantel pamoate

bendazoles (albendazole=1st line)

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15
Q

obstruction at ileocela valve, biliary obstruction, intetisnal perforatino, migrates from nose/mouth

A

ascaris lumbricoides (giant roundworm)

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16
Q

fecal oral transmission; knobby coated oval eggs seen in feces under microscope

A

ascaris lumbricoides

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17
Q

vomiting, diarrhea, epigastric pain (may mimic peptic ulcer)

A

strongyloides stercoralis (threadworm)

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18
Q

larva currens seen in

A

strongyloides

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19
Q

what is larva currens

A

pruritic, erythemaouts linear streaks on thigh + buttocks

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20
Q

larvae in soil penetrate skin; rhabditiform larvae seen in feces under microscope

A

strongyloides

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21
Q

treatment for strongyloides

A

ivermectin

bendazoles

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22
Q

intestinal biopsy of strongyloides

A

eggs and adult parasites

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23
Q

SE asia: tropical and warm temperate regions

A

strongyloides

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24
Q

anemia by sucking blood from intestinal wall

A

ancylostoma duodenale, necator americanus (hookworms

25
Q

Cutaneous larva migrans

A

pruritic, serpiginous rash from walking barefoot on contaminated beach

26
Q

larvae penetrate skin

A

ancylostoma

27
Q

walking barefoot on contaminted beach

A

cutaenous larva migrans

28
Q

larvae enter bloodstream, encyst in striated muscle -> muscle inflimmation

A

trichinella spiralis

29
Q

fever vomiting nausea perioriblal edema , myalgia in trichinella spiralis

A

trichinosis

30
Q

transmission of trichinella

A 
undercooked meat (esp pork)
fecal oral : less likely
31
Q

often asymptomatic; loose stools/aenmia, rectal prolapse in children (heavy infection)

A

trichuris trichiura (whipworm)

32
Q

fecal oral transmission

A

trichuris trichiura

33
Q

visceral larva migrans

A

toxocara canis

34
Q

nematodes migrate to blood through intestinal wall -> inflammation and damage

A

visceral larva migrans

35
Q

often affects heart (myocarditis), liver eyes(visual imparimetn blindness) and CNS (seizures, coma)

A

visceral larva migrans

36
Q

transmission of toxocara

A

fecal oral

37
Q

skin changes , loss of elastic fibers and river blindness (black flies, black skin nodules, black sight)

A

onchocerca volvulus

38
Q

transmission of onchocerca volvusus

A

female blackfly

39
Q

allergic reaction to microfilaria possible

A

onchocerca volvulus

40
Q

swelling in skin, worm in conjunctiva

A

loa loa

41
Q

transmision of loa loa

A

deer fly, horse fly, mango fly

42
Q

elephantiasis

A

wuchereria bancrofti

43
Q

elephantiasis transmission

A

female mosquito

44
Q

anotehr name for elephantiasis

A

lympahtic filariasis

45
Q

explain elephantiasis

A

worms invade lymph nodes :> inflammtion -> lymphedema

symptom onset after 9mo-1 yr

46
Q

3 cestodes (tapeworm)

A

taenia solium
diphyllobothrium latum
echinococcus granulosus

47
Q

intestinal tapeworm; ingestion of larvae encysted in undercooked pork

A

T. solium

48
Q

cysticercosis, neurocysticercosis

A

Taenia solium

49
Q

undercooked pork; seizures subcutaneous nodules , intramuscular calcificaitons

A

cysticercosis

50
Q

transmission of cysticercoiss and neurocysticerocis

A

ingestion of eggs in food contaminated w human feces

51
Q

vitamin B12 deficiency (tapeworm competes for B12 in intestine) -> megaolblastic anemia

A

Diphyllobothrium latum

52
Q

transmission of d. latum

A

ingestion of larvae in raw freshwater fish

53
Q

hydatid cysts (eggshel calcifciation) in liver

A

echinococccus granulosus

54
Q

cyst rupture can cause anaphylaxis

A

e. granulosus

55
Q

ingestion of eggs in food contamined with dog feces

A

echinococcus granulosus

56
Q

sheep are an intermediate host

A

echinococcus granulosus

57
Q

trematodes (flukes) include

A

Schistosoma, clonorchis sinensis

58
Q

diagnosis of neurocysticerocisis

A

seizures

cysts on CT mri, eosinophilia, increase ESR

Microbiology (13 decks)

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