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FALL SEMESTER 2018 > micro lab quiz #2 > Flashcards

micro lab quiz #2 Flashcards

(94 cards)

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1
Q

what is the most useful and widely used test in microbiogy lab

A

gram’s stains

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2
Q

how fast can gram stain give results

A

about 15 minutes

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3
Q

in grams stain what is purple

A

gram positive

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4
Q

in grams stain what is pink

A

gram negative

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5
Q

what are the color in gram stains due to

A

components in cell wall

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6
Q

purple has what kind of cell wall

A

thick

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7
Q

pink has what kind of cell wall

A

thin

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8
Q

the cell wall in gram positive bacteria is

A

90% peptidoglycan and 10% lipid

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9
Q

the cell wall in gram negative bacteria is

A

10% peptidoglycan and 90% lipid

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10
Q

gram stain procedure

A

crystal violet, iodine, alcohol, safranin

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11
Q

why doesn’t the gram negative keep crystal violet

A

cell wall too thin to capture it

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12
Q

why does iodine wash away the crystal violet in gram negative

A

peptidoglycan layer is thin

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13
Q

two ways to tell bacteria apart

A

shape and color they stain

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14
Q

why are gram positive easily treatable with antibiotics

A

they lack the outer phospholipid bilayer (plasma membrane

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15
Q

layers of gram positive bacteria

A

plasma membrane, thick cell wall, outer capsule,

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16
Q

layers of gram negative bacteria

A

plasma membrane, thin cell wall, plasma membrane, outer capsule

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17
Q

purpose of gram stain

A

identify type of bacteria

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18
Q

alcohol is what kind of chemical

A

destaining it has dehydrate nature

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19
Q

when you add alcohol what happens to gram positive

A

capsule goes away and cell wall shrinks

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20
Q

when you add alcohol what happens to gram negative

A

capsule and 2nd plasma membrane goes away and cell wall shrinks

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21
Q

gram negative loose their color because

A

it has such thin cell wall

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22
Q

circle shape

A

cocci

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23
Q

rod shaped

A

bacill

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24
Q

strep bacteria

A

chain

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25
staph bacteria
cluster
26
strepbacillus bacteria
chain
27
exoenzyme test
starch and lipids
28
what can you see in exoenzyme tests
can see if an organism can break down large macromolecules that have been placed in the agar
29
what color does the iodine turn when added to the starch agar
black/blue
30
Absence of the blue-black color indicates
the starch is no longer in the medium
31
what shows a positive reaction for starch test
clear zone around bacteria
32
what does the clear zone in the starch agar indicate
starch has been removed in the area around the bacteria
33
starch hydrolysis
starch is broken down
34
starch tests have a bacterium that has a positive starch test possesses
3 enzymes that are needed to break down glucose and maltose (then can be transported into bacteria for energy production
35
iodine bonds with starch to
form a purple precipitate, iodine does not bond with glucose
36
exoenzymes
amylase lipase
37
hydrolyze
digestion by the addition of water
38
the lipid agar test is supplemented with
tributryin, a triglyceride (type of fat)
39
why is the starch agar opaque
addition of tributyrin
40
what is positive for starch agar test
zone of lipolysis
41
zone of lipolysis
organisms excreting lipase
42
lipid plate gets what kind of placement on the agar
thick streak
43
starch plate gets kind of placement on the agar
squiggly lines
44
selective agars
allow certain types of bacteria to grow while inhibiting the growth of other bacteria
45
what are two ways to make agars selective
making sure that that macromolecule is the only high quantity food source in an agar, adding dyes, antibiotics, or salt
46
what is a popular ph indicator
phenol red
47
what can metabolize mantel
s. aures
48
if ph is bellow 6.8
yellow
49
if ph is 7.4-8.4
red
50
if ph is 8.4 and above
hot pink
51
what is likely used when a staph infection is likely or possible
Mannitol Salt Agar
52
how does the mannitol salt agar select staphylococcus
addition of 7.5% salt
53
Eosin Methylene Blue Agar is used when what is suspected
E. coli or another generic gram negative rod
54
how does the EMB select gram negative rods
with addition of methylene blue
55
what acts like the ph indicator in EMB
eosin
56
what inhibits GPR in EMB
methylene
57
what is the food source for EMB
lactose
58
what is the food source for MSA
mannitol
59
action of MSA
selective and differential
60
action for EMB
selective and differential
61
action for BAP
not selective but differential
62
what is the enzyme that the bacterium must make for MSA
mannitol dehydrogenase MDH
63
in MSA what is end product if mannitol is broken down by microbe
ethanol
64
if EMB is black/green its
lactose postive
65
what is the enzyme needed to break down into galactose and glucose
lactase
66
what is the end product of the breakdown of lactose
lactic acid
67
why is BAP enriched with whole blood cells
certain bacteria produce enzymes capable of breaking down blood cells
68
what do BAP show
if bacteria are hemolytic or not
69
beta hemolysis
total breakdown of RBC
70
alpha hemolysis
breakdown of RBC but not hemogolbin
71
gamma hemolytic
growth but no breakdown of RBC
72
is starch selective/ differential
not selective but differential
73
is spirit blue selective/ differential
not selective but differential
74
what are the main agars you use for a specimen
BAP, MSA, EMB
75
colorless in starch plate means
starch is no longer there or positive
76
3 enterics
Baccillus subtilus, E. coli, L. lactis
77
if lipid plate turns blue to tan what does that mean
postive, fatty acid release
78
if the air around the colony does not change color there is no zone of hemolysis then
bacteria is considered lipid negative
79
when bacteria that ultilize sugars
they produce a lot of waste
80
when bacteria produce a lot of waste then
the ph drops
81
acidic waste is
flushed out of the bacteria into the agar
82
what happens if bacteria cant flush out waste
becomes a coffin
83
what kind of tests are sugar tests
differential
84
what kind of ph indicator does carbohydrate test have
phenol red
85
E. coli and Ptoteus hauseri are
GNR
86
L. lactis and Bacillus subtilis
GPR
87
in carb tests if it only had A then
it doesn't need lipid or starch
88
catalase
breaks down hydrogen peroxide
89
in catalase test what indicates positive result
bubbling
90
in catalase test what indicates negative result
no bubble or very little
91
is pseudomonas aeruginosa catalase positive or negative
postive
92
S. aures catalase positive or negative
postive
93
E. coli catalase positive or negative
postive
94
Strep agalactiae catalase positive or negative
negative

FALL SEMESTER 2018 (9 decks)

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