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Herbs 1 > Midterm Week 2 > Flashcards

Midterm Week 2 Flashcards

0
Q

Temperature ‘Re’

A

Hot

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1
Q

(5) Temperature & pinyin

A 
Hot (Re)
Cold (Han)
Warm (Wen)
Cool (Liang)
Neutral (Ping)
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2
Q

Temperature ‘Han’

A

Cold

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3
Q

Temperature ‘Wen’

A

Warm

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4
Q

Temperature ‘Liang’

A

Cool

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5
Q

Temperature ‘Ping’

A

Neutral

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6
Q

Quality of Acrid (Xin)

A

disperse and move

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7
Q

Quality of Sweet (gan)

A

tonify, harmonize and are sometimes thought to moisten

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8
Q

Quality of Bitter ‘Ku’

A

drain and dry

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9
Q

Quality of Sour ‘suan’

A

astringent and prevent or reverse the abnormal leakage of fluids and energy

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10
Q

Quality of Salty ‘xian’

A

purge and soften

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11
Q

quality of bland ‘dan’

A

no taste; leach out dampness and promote urination

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12
Q

quality of aromatic ‘xiang’

A

ability to penetrate through turbidity and revive a particular fx

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13
Q

quality of astringent ‘se’

A

has the ability to prevent the leakage of fluids

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14
Q

ascription of action

sourness enters __

A

liver

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15
Q

ascription of actions

acridity enters __

A

lungs

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16
Q

ascription of action

bitterness enters __

A

heart

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17
Q

ascription of action

saltiness enters __

A

kidneys

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18
Q

ascription of action

sweetness enters __

A

spleen

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19
Q

actions of acrid / pungent / spicy

A

dispersing out and upward
moving and circulating
enters the lungs
release the exterior is the result of the function and movement of acrid tasting substances
can be a great qi regulator and help dampness or pain (stasis/stagnation)

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20
Q

actions of sweet

A

tonify, nourish, and strengthen
harmonizing and moderate (not strong and intense)
relieves tensions (STache, spasms and pain)
enters spleen
can normalize fx of ST and SP, but caution w SP Qi deficiency and dampness
Richness, stickiness, thickness– blocks Qi– creates stagnation leading to dampness

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21
Q

actions of bitter

A

downwards draining/ purging (promote bowel movement; purge heat/fire; descend Qi for vomiting, nausea, belching)
Dry dampness
Because of descending tendency can have a sedating effect
enters the heart
Da Huang– could also release food stagnation and in a sense tonify

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22
Q

action of Salty

A 
Heaviest substances besides minerals
purges downwards for constipation
softens hardness
tends to enter kidney
all the seaweeds (scrofula and goiter)
many animal products due to their Fe
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23
Q

actions of Sour

A

Stabilize and bind
astringe / hold / contract
stops movement and can move backwards
contains fluids and qi
enters the liver
can refresh and improve the appetite as well when used appropriately
ST yin– preserve yin (w sweet can produce yin and body fluids)

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24
actions of Astringent
includes sour and sweet retains and binds sometimes non-ripe persimmon, inner lining of pomegranate or some red wines (tannic) feels like a coat on tongue and sucking feeling happens with charring of herbs caution-- could hold in a patho and trap it in-- especially with an ext invasion
25
actions of bland
diuretic influence (edema) promote urination leech out dampness (through urine) has a downward direction, but milder than bitter or salty
26
action of aromatic
awakens and revives -- digestive system moves in all direction stronger than acrid penetrates through turbidity of closed or blocked eliminates damp in the joints (rheumatism)
27
what taste combination produce Yang?
acrid/pungent and sweet
28
what taste combination produces yin?
sour and sweet
29
what are 8 parameters in TCM?
ext./int., hot/cold, excess/deficiency, yang/yin
30
what are tai yang channels?
hand tai yang-- small intestine channel | foot tai yang-- UB channel
31
what are shao yang channels?
hand shao yang-- SJ channel | foot shao yang-- GB channel
32
what are yang ming channels?
hand yang ming-- L.I. channel | food yang mind-- ST channel
33
what are tai yin channels?
hand taiyin-- LU | foot taiyin-- SP
34
what are shao yin channels?
hand shaoyin-- HT | foot shaoyin-- KI
35
what are jue yin channels?
hand jueyin-- PC | foot jueyin-- LV
36
what are Four Levels?
Wei, Qi, Ying, Xue
37
What are three jiaos?
upper, middle, lower
38
directional properties of herbs deals with __
``` gravity more specifically RISE-- upwards-- most flowers go upwards FALL-- downwards-- heavy minerals, shells SINK-- inward FLOAT-- outward ```
39
actions of floating/ascending properties
expels superficial evils, ascend yang, expel wind and cold, inducing vomiting, opens the orifices (coma, closed orifice), promoting eruptions (measles), warming yang
40
actions of sinking and lowering qualities of herbs
clears heat, purging, promoting urination, calming mind, descending yang, stop vomiting, stop cough and asthma, astringent, promote digestion
41
what are 8 therapeutic methods (ba fa)?
promote sweating (han fa); induce vomiting (tu fa) purge (xia fa); harmonize (he fe); warm (wen fe) clear (qing fa); tonify (bu fa); reduce (xiao fa)
42
what is 'promote sweating' used for?
wind cold excess
43
what is 'purge' used for?
yang ming organ constipation
44
what is 'clear heat' used for?
yang ming channel excess (4 bigs)
45
what is 'warm' used for?
excess cold, yang deficiency
46
Sx - Dx- TP- Rx
Symptoms- diagnosis- treatment principle- prescription
47
what is the classical measurement of dosage?
qian
48
what is the modern measurement of dosage?
grams
49
what is the most common dosage range?
``` 3-12g is a normal dosage range 1 fen= 0.3g 1 qian= ~3g 1 liang (10x)= 30g ```
50
what herbs are typically higher dose?
hard, heavy, moderate and bland substances are prescribed in larger dosages; minerals and shells
51
what herbs are typically lower dose?
light, toxic and strongly-flavored substances are used in smaller dosages; flowers, leaves and aromatic herbs
52
what other factors are involved?
severity of the problem, patients constitution, age, ST qi depletion, etc.
53
``` tech. for combining herbs mutual accentuation (xiang xu) ```
combination of 2 substances with similar functions to accentuate their therapeutic actions
54
``` tech for combining herbs mutual enhancement (xiang shi) ```
combination of 2 or more substances with different actions in which one of the substances enhances the effect of the other in a specific clinical situation
55
``` tech for combining herbs mutual counteraction (xiang wei) ```
combination in which the toxicity or side effects of one substance are reduced or eliminated by another substance
56
``` tech for combining herbs mutual suppression (xiang sha) ```
converse of mutual counteraction in that here one substance also reduces the undesirable side effects of another
57
``` tech for combining herbs mutual antagonism (xiang wu) ```
ability of 2 substances to minimize or neutralize each other's positive effects
58
``` tech for combining herbs mutual incompatibility (xiang fan) ```
occurs when the combination of 2 substances gives rise to side effects or toxicity which would not be caused by either substance when used alone
59
composition of formulas for chief (King, sovereign or lord)
the substance that provides the main therapeutic thrust of the prescription
60
composition of formulas for deputies (ministers of associates)
enhance or assist the therapeutic actions of the chiefs
61
composition of formulas for assistants (adjutants)
provide one or more of the following functions: treat accompanying symptoms; moderate the harshness or toxicity of the primary substance; assist the chief and deputies in accomplishing their main objective; or provide assistance from another therapeutic direction
62
composition of formulas for envoy (messenger or courier)
either guide the other medicines to a specific channel or organ, or exert a harmonizing influence, as is often the case with Gan Cao

Herbs 1 (19 decks)

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