Module 10 Terms - Membrane Transport

Question 1

Concentration gradient

Answer 1

When there are areas of higher and lower concentrations of molecules

Question 2

Passive transport

Answer 2

Occurs when molecules move across a membrane by diffusion. They move as a result of differences in concentration between the inside and outside of the cell

Question 3

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 3

Diffusion across a cell membrane through a transport protein

Question 4

Channel protein

Answer 4

A type of transport protein used in facilitated diffusion that provides an opening between the inside and outside of the cell through which certain molecules can pass, depending on their shape and charge

Question 5

Carrier protein

Answer 5

A type of transport protein which binds to and then transports specific molecules across a cell membrane

Question 6

Aquaporins

Answer 6

Water channels (a type of channel protein) in cells that allow water to enter or exit the cell by facilitated diffusion

Question 7

Active transport

Answer 7

Movement of molecules from areas of lower concentration outside the cell to areas of higher concentration inside the cell. Requires energy

Question 8

Primary active transport

Answer 8

Cells use ATP directly to move molecules across the cell membrane

Question 9

Secondary active transport

Answer 9

Cells use ATP indirectly to move molecules across the cell membrane

Question 10

Exocytosis

Answer 10

A process in which a vesicle fuses with the cell membrane and releases its contents into the extracellular space

Question 11

Endocytosis

Answer 11

A process in which a vesicle buds off from the cell membrane toward the cell interior, or invaginates, enclosing material from outside the cell and bringing it into the cell