Module 4 Terms - Proteins

Question 1

Peptide bond

Answer 1

A covalent linkage between the carbon atom in the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the nitrogen atom in the amino group of the next. The formation of a peptide bond is an example of a dehydration synthesis reaction

Question 2

Peptide

Answer 2

A short polymer of amino acids

Question 3

Polypeptide

Answer 3

A long polymer of amino acids

Question 4

Primary structure

Answer 4

The sequence of amino acids in a protein

Question 5

Secondary structure

Answer 5

Interactions between stretches of amino acids in a protein. Formed by hydrogen bonds

Question 6

Alpha helix

Answer 6

A secondary structure whose polypeptide backbone is twisted, resulting in it forming a spiral/helix. Stabilized by hydrogen bonds

Question 7

Beta sheet

Answer 7

A secondary structure in which the polypeptide forms a pleated sheet that is stabilized by hydrogen bonds

Question 8

Tertiary structure

Answer 8

The 3D shape of a single polypeptide chain. Held together by covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, hydrophobic interactions, and disulfide bridges

Question 9

Quaternary structure

Answer 9

Proteins that are composed of two or more polypeptide chains. Held together by hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, disulfide bridges, and hydrophobic interactions