Module 13 Terms - Cellular Energetics

Question 1

Kinetic energy

Answer 1

The energy of motion

Question 2

Potential energy

Answer 2

Stored energy

Question 3

Chemical energy

Answer 3

A form of potential energy which is held in the chemical bonds between pairs of atoms in a molecule

Question 4

Metabolic pathway

Answer 4

A series of chemical reactions in which molecules are broken down or built up

Question 5

ATP

Answer 5

A form of stored chemical energy

Question 6

ADP

Answer 6

The same thing as ATP except with one less phosphate group. Has less potential energy as a result

Question 7

First law of thermodynamics

Answer 7

The universe contains a constant amount of energy

Question 8

Second law of thermodynamics

Answer 8

The transformation of energy is associated with an increase in disorder of the universe

Question 9

Entropy

Answer 9

Disorder

Question 10

Gibbs free energy (G)

Answer 10

The amount of energy available to do work

Question 11

Endergonic

Answer 11

Reactions with a positive ∆G; require energy (non-spontaneous)

Question 12

Exergonic

Answer 12

Reactions with a negative ∆G; release energy (spontaneous)

Question 13

Energetic coupling

Answer 13

A process in which a spontaneous reaction (negative ∆G) drives a non-spontaneous reaction (positive ∆G). The sum of the ∆G’s must be negative

Question 14

Catabolism

Answer 14

The set of chemical reactions which break down molecules into smaller units

Question 15

Anabolism

Answer 15

The set of chemical reactions which build molecules from smaller units and require an input of energy