Module 13

Question 1

developmental psychology

Answer 1

examines psych, cognitive, and social development across lifespan

Question 2

stage theories

Answer 2

developmental stages; modernly reflect human growth and how people act at certain times in their lives

Question 3

stable traits

Answer 3

temperament, emotions, extroversion, responsibility, aspects of personality (identity)

Question 4

changing traits

Answer 4

social attitudes, self-image, conscientiousness (hope for better future)

Question 5

how many sperm are released in ejaculation

Answer 5

250

Question 6

how many sperm make it to ovum

Answer 6

5-200

Question 7

fertilization

Answer 7

sperm has to penetrate ovum’s membrane

Question 8

germinal phase

Answer 8

conception - 2 weeks; cells multiply

Question 9

zygote

Answer 9

fertilized egg; half survive beyond first 2 weeks

Question 10

blastocyst

Answer 10

cell mass has hollow center; 4 days after fertilization

Question 11

embryonic phase

Answer 11

3-8 weeks; organs begin to form and function; most vulnerable stage (bc of rapid growth)

Question 12

implantation

Answer 12

zygote attaches to mother’s uterine wall; 10 days after conception

Question 13

placenta

Answer 13

outer cells of embryo; transfers nutrients and oxygen from mother to embryo

Question 14

amniotic sac

Answer 14

encloses embryo in protective fluid; “water broke”

Question 15

differentiation

Answer 15

organs begin to develop and differ/separate according to function

Question 16

teratogens

Answer 16

drugs/diseases that can affect baby’s health; can cause lower birth weights, birth defects, future behavior problems, and decreased intelligence

Question 17

fetal alcoholic syndrome (FAS)

Answer 17

1/700 children; leaves epigenetic marks; can also be caused by stress; can cause earlier birth bc baby thinks threat is occurring and increased health problems

Question 18

viability

Answer 18

capacity to thrive in outside world (increases in fetal stage)

Question 19

fetal stage

Answer 19

9 weeks-birth (~38 weeks); continues organ development; increases overall body growth (x20) to approx 7 lb and 20 in

Question 20

week 4

Answer 20

cardiovascular system is functioning; brain and spinal cord grow

Question 21

week 6

Answer 21

arms and legs bud/develop

Question 22

week 8

Answer 22

baby weights 1 g and 2.5 cm/1 in; all organs developed besides sex organs

Question 23

6th month

Answer 23

viability increases

Question 24

7th month (2 months prior to birth)

Answer 24

can respond to vibrating on stomach (noise)

Question 25

baby's responses external stimuli

Answer 25

creates preference to mother's voice and language; if mother is bilingual, baby is interested in both languages; babies cry in annotations of language spoken by mother; prefers sights and sounds that facilitate social responses, looking at things 8-12 inches away (distance from nursing mother and baby) and mother's smell

Question 26

adaptive reflexes

Answer 26

rooting, sucking, startle, grasping

Question 27

rooting

Answer 27

initiated by touching baby's mouth; looks towards breast/bottle

Question 28

habituation

Answer 28

decrease in responding with repeated stimulation; shows what babies see and remember