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Neuro Muscle Physiology > Module 6 HW Questions > Flashcards

Module 6 HW Questions Flashcards

(70 cards)

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1
Q

Not a typical brain wave

A

gamma

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2
Q

Which brain wave is active during quiet wakefulness?

A

alpha

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3
Q

Which brain wave is active when the brain is busy completing a mental task, concentrating or thinking?

A

beta

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4
Q

Which brain wave is active during slow wave deep sleep?

A

delta

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5
Q

Which brain wave is active during the 1st stage of sleep as “sleep spindles”?

A

alpha

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6
Q

Which brain wave is active during REM sleep?

A

beta

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7
Q

Which brain wave is active in adults during emotional stress or degenerative brain states?

A

theta

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8
Q

Which brain wave is active during intense heightened awareness?

A

gamma

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9
Q

Which brain wave is active during stages 2/3 of sleep?

A

theta

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10
Q

Which brain wave is active while the person is conscious but eyes are closed?

A

alpha

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11
Q

Which brain wave is involved with memory?

A

beta

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12
Q

Which brain wave is active during stage 4 of sleep?

A

delta

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13
Q

What are the 2 distinct alternating stages of sleep?

A

slow wave and REM

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14
Q

What type of sleep accounts for the most time sleeping?

A

slow wave sleep

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15
Q

What causes sleep spindles during stage 1 of sleep?

A

spontaneous feedback from the thalamocortical and reticular activating systems

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16
Q

How often does a person typically cycle into REM sleep?

A

about every 90 min

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17
Q

How long does a person typically stay in REM sleep?

A

5-30 min

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18
Q

How does sleep effect learning?

A

facilitates it

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19
Q

What is the role of the raphe nuclei in sleep?

A

responsible for the natural circadian rhythm

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20
Q

How does chronic pain effect sleep?

A

inhibits it

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21
Q

What is the function of melatonin?

A

drowsiness

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22
Q

What type of stimulus can inhibit the synthesis of melatonin?

A

light

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23
Q

What is the disruption of the normal balance between inhibitory and excitatory transmission in one or more areas of the brain?

A

epilepsy

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24
Q

What class of seizures begin in one hemisphere and can spread to the other hemisphere?

A

partial/focal

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25
What class of seizures begin in both hemispheres simultaneously?
general
26
What are the 2 stages of grand mal seizures?
tonic and clonic
27
What type of seizure effects mostly children where the child stops what they are doing and stare into space?
petit mal or absent
28
What type of seizure manifest with visual, auditory, and or olfactory hallucinations?
complex/ psychomotor
29
What type of seizure is preceded with a visual aura?
simple/Jacksonian
30
How many stages of sleep are there?
4
31
During sleep stages 2/3, the frequency of brain waves becomes progressively ________
slower
32
What percentage of total sleep time does a person typically spend in REM sleep?
25%
33
What neurotransmitter is released by raphe nuclei neurons?
serotonin
34
Which gland converts serotonin into melatonin?
pineal
35
What is the main classification for a grand mal seizure?
general
36
What is the main classification for a simple seizure?
partial/focal
37
What is the main classification for a psychomotor seizure?
partial/focal
38
What is the main classification for a temporal seizure?
partial/focal
39
What is the main classification for a petit mal seizure?
general
40
What is the main classification for a Jacksonian seizure?
partial/focal
41
What is the main classification for an absent seizure?
general
42
What is the main classification for a complex seizure?
partial/focal
43
What is the main classification for a tonic-clonic seizure?
general
44
What is the function of the hippocampus?
convert short term memory into long term memory
45
What is the function of the thalamus?
role in search and read out stored memories
46
What is the function of the motor cortex?
activate motor signals
47
What is the function of the hindbrain?
maintain body equilibrium
48
What is the function of the basal ganglia?
plan purposeful motor tasks
49
What is the function of the ANS?
control most visceral functions
50
Which lobe houses the primary motor cortex?
frontal lobe
51
What is the function of Broca's area?
word formation
52
What is the function of the temporal lobe?
along with the occipital lobe names objects and recognizes faces
53
Which lobe houses the primary visual cortex?
occipital lobe
54
What is the function of Wernicke's area?
language comprehension
55
What is the function of the angular gyrus?
reading comprehension
56
What is the function of the prefrontal association area?
working memories and elaboration of thought
57
What is the function of the limbic association area?
behavior, emotion, and motivation functions
58
Arrange the correct order neurological sequence for speaking a word in response to words heard:
1) temporal lobe 2) Wernicke's area 3) Broca's area 4) motor cortex 5) muscles of speech
59
Arrange the correct order neurological sequence of speaking a word in response to words read:
1) occipital lobe 2) angular gyrus 3) Wernicke's area 4) Broca's area 5) motor cortex 6) muscles of speech
60
Memories are stored in the brain by increasing the sensitivity of ________________________ between neurons
synaptic transmission
61
What are new or facilitated neural pathways called?
memory traces
62
How are memory traces established?
repetitive stimulation of a synaptic pathway
63
How are established memory traces selectively activated?
thinking
64
What types of memory can the hippocampus convert from short term memory to long term memory storage?
verbal learning and symbolic learning
65
Damage to the hippocampus can cause ___________ amnesia
anterograde
66
Repetitive use of a neuronal pathway leads to ___________ which increases intracellular calcium. Repetitive increases in intracellular calcium leads to long-term facilitation which stimulates protein synthesis leading to _____________
facilitation, neuroplasticity
67
The time it takes for neurons to communicate at a synapse in a neuronal pathway is known as synaptic ________
delay
68
Response latency is the time span between a _________ and a __________ or ___________
stimulus, response, reaction
69
Learning _________ response latency
reduces
70
What is the primary ion involved with learning?
calcium

Neuro Muscle Physiology (24 decks)

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