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ANAT 100 > module 9 > Flashcards

module 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Breathing involves two cyclic phases

A

Inhale and exhale

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2
Q

refers to the exchange of gases between the air and blood

A

External respiration

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3
Q

refers to the exchange of gases between the blood and cells of the body

A

Internal respiration

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4
Q

Gases entering the lungs need to be conditioned, or warmed and cleansed

A

Gas Conditioning

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5
Q

Where air is swirled around to become warmed and humidified

A

Nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses

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6
Q

occurs by forceful expiration of air through the vocal cords in the larynx, causing them to vibrate

A

Sound production

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7
Q

Different _______ of the vocal cords produce different sounds

A

tensions

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8
Q

____________ trap particles and microorganisms from entering the nose and the respiratory system

A

The coarse hairs of the nostrils

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9
Q

What chamber of the heart does oxygenated blood re-enter after exiting the lungs?

A

left atrium

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10
Q

Pseudostratified meaning that all cells are attached to the __________ but only some reach the surface

A

basal lamina

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11
Q

The apical surface of the epithelium is covered in _____

A

cilia

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12
Q

________ can be found interspersed throughout the pseudostratified epithelium

A

Goblet cells

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13
Q

The respiratory system is made up of two portions

A

Conducting Portion and Respiratory Portion

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14
Q

Transfers inhaled air from the outside world to the lung tissue. This portion also transfers air from the lungs to the outside world

A

The conducting portion

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15
Q

The conducting portion of the respiratory system carries air to and from the lungs without __________________

A

contributing to gas exchang

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16
Q

are a collection of air filled spaces within the bones of the skull

A

The paranasal sinuses

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17
Q

Name the four paired sinuses

A

Frontal sinus
Maxillary sinus
Ethmoid sinus
Sphenoid sinus

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18
Q

The six boundaries that make up the nasal cavity

A

Roof
Floor
Medial wall
Lateral wall
Anterior
Posterior

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19
Q

The nasal cavity is mostly covered in _________ epithelium

A

respiratory tract

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20
Q

The roof of the nasal cavity is lined with _______ epithelium

A

olfactory

21
Q

is a muscular tube that connects the nasal cavity and the larynx in the respiratory system

A

The pharynx

22
Q

Three components make up the pharynx:

A

The nasopharynx
The oropharynx
The laryngopharynx

23
Q

The __________ is the most superior aspect of the pharynx

A

nasopharynx

24
Q

The _________ is the middle aspect of the pharynx. It is part of both the respiratory and digestive systems

A

oropharynx

25
Q

The __________ is the most inferior aspect of the pharynx. It is also involved in both the digestive and respiratory systems

A

laryngopharynx

26
Q

The nasopharynx is mostly composed of

A

respiratory tract epithelium

27
Q

is the organ that produces sound

A

The larynx

28
Q

This organ sits anterior to the esophagus, connecting the pharynx with the trachea and preventing food from entering the trachea

A

The larynx

29
Q

There are three main cartilages of the larynx:

A

Epiglottis
Thyroid cartilage
Cricoid cartilage

30
Q

The ________ is a large spoon shaped elastic cartilage that functions to prevent food from passing into the trachea

A

epiglottis

31
Q

The _______ cartilage is a ‘shield shaped’ hyaline cartilage that provides attachment for many muscles

A

thyroid

32
Q

The ________ cartilage is a complete ring of hyaline cartilage

A

cricoid

33
Q

The _________ are small ligaments attached to laryngeal cartilages that vibrate when air is forced out of the lungs

A

vocal cords

34
Q

The true vocal cords are protected by the ________

A

false vocal cords

35
Q

The trachea is made up of ________ cartilaginous rings

A

15-20 C-shaped

36
Q

Each primary bronchus enters its respective lung on the medial side at the _______

A

hilus

37
Q

The right primary bronchus is ___________ than the left primary bronchus

A

wider, shorter, and more vertical

38
Q

serves to allow for gas exchange between air and blood

A

The respiratory portion

39
Q

The right lung has _____ lobes and _____ fissures

A

3 and 2

40
Q

The left lung has _____ lobes and _____ fissures

A

2 and 1

41
Q

A depression on the anterior border of the left lung that accommodates the space taken up by the apex of the heart

A

Cardiac notch

42
Q

______ of the lung is the most superior point of this organ. In the body, it sits just above the first rib

A

The apex

43
Q

The base of the lung is known as the ____________

A

diaphragmatic surface

44
Q

In the lungs, ________ surface is named after the adjacent ribs

A

The costal

45
Q

The ________ surface of the lung is the medial surface

A

mediastinal

46
Q

The _____- secretes pleural fluid to fill the space between the two membranes

A

pleura

47
Q

The __________ is an outer serous membrane attached to the walls and floor of the thoracic cavity

A

parietal pleura

48
Q

The _________ is a serous membrane attached to the surface of the lung

A

visceral pleura

49
Q

Each _______ is surrounded by capillaries

A

Alveoli

ANAT 100 (11 decks)

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