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AP Psych > Motivation > Flashcards

Motivation Flashcards

1
Q

Motivation

A

A need which drives behavior
If u lose motivation= depression
Why I do what I do

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2
Q

Instinct theories

A

My needs are Unconscious (beyond my awareness)

Deterministic ( no free will)

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3
Q

Fixed-action patterns

A

Instinctual “drives” -> behaviors
(Non-human)Species-related behaviors
Ex. Migration, spawning, reproductive (all are innate and enduring)

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4
Q

Psychoanalytic theory

A

Developed by FREUD, influenced by DARWIN
All behavior is deterministic (unconscious drives)
Drive for “pleasure” (innate and enduring)

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4
Q

Evolutionary theory

A 
Founder DARWIN
Survival is instinctual (aka inborn)
Behaviors are adaptive (we act in those situations that result in survival)
We will die without adapting
Incorporates animal and human behaviors
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5
Q

Intentional theories (I choose)

A

Will to power (Adler)
Will to meaning (frankl)
will to questioning(lonergan)

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6
Q

Drive reduction theory

A

Goal of behavior = homeostasis (balance)
Caused by needs ->Which creates tension/drive -> tension reducing, balance restoring behaviors

Ex low blood sugar-> hunger -> get food

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7
Q

Negative feedback

A

Behaviors which reduce tension are repeated

Behaviors create tension are avoided

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8
Q

Incentive theory

A

Deals with primary and secondary needs

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9
Q

Primary needs

A

“Push” (innate) us to certain behaviors

  • Food
  • shelter
  • Sex
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10
Q

Secondary needs

A

“Invite” us to certain behaviors

  • Rewards
  • recognition
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11
Q

Arousal theory

A

Level of “nervousness” or anxiety impact performance

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12
Q

Optimum arousal

A

Peak performance

Ideal level of alertness or emotional arousal

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13
Q

Yerkes-dodson law (inverted U hypothesis)

A

Low aroual= med performance
optimum arousal= high performance
High arousal= low performance (ex. Test anxiety) aka too nervous and effects us in a negative way

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14
Q

Marlows hierarchy of needs

A

Developed by Maslow
Triangle chain that shows that human needs are not equally important:
Basics- met before higher needs (food, water, air)
Safety- need for shelter/ security
Love- need for acceptance and sense of belonging
Self esteem- need to gain approval and recognition
Self actualization- need to fulfill potential

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15
Q

Hunger

A

Need for food and water which drives behaviors

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16
Q

The hypothalamus

A

Arcuate nucleus
Functions and directs drives
Cardinal function= homeostasis
And detects a change in the body aka negative feedback and tries to fix it with composition

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17
Q

Lateral hypothalamus

A

Part which triggers drive to adress hunger needs (I’m hungry)

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18
Q

Ventromedial hypothalamus

A

Part which regulates digestion (I’m full)

19
Q

Glucose levels

A

Blood sugar level
Stomach contractions
(I’m hungry) LH

20
Q

Hormones

A

Chemical messenger: Bloodstream

21
Q

Ghrelin

A

Released but an empty stomach

I’m hungry LH

23
Q

Insulin

A

Released by the pancreas
Metabolizes glucose
Inhibits hunger drive
(I’m full) VMH

24
Q

Glucagon

A

Converts stored energy into glucose

25
Q

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

A

Hormone and neurotransmitter
Affects the small intestines
Promotes sense of fullness
I’m full VMH

26
Q

Leptin

A

Released by fat tissues
Signals hypothalamus to stop storage fat
I’m full VMH

27
Q

Set point

A

Natural built in on personal weight range that indicates the balance between being hungry and full
Determined by number of fat cells
Includes BMR

28
Q

Basal metabolic rate (BMR)

A

How fast an individual burns calories when at rest

29
Q

Sex hormones

A

Estrogen (female)

Testosterone (male)

30
Q

The kinsey report

A

Authored by Alfred Kinsey
Based upon interviews and surveys
Put hetero=0, bi= 0-3, and homo=3-6 and x= no sexually proven this is a 7 point scale
Info based on prostitutes, inmates, perverted so didn’t have a general population response

31
Q

Human sexual response

A 
By masters and Johnson 
Based upon lab studies
Original Population: prostitutes 
Later sample: General pop
Researchers of human sexual responses 
Finding of human sexual response cycle
32
Q

Sexual response cycle

A

Arousal: organs prepare led for sexual activity
Plateau: consisted level of arousal
Orgasm : release of tension
Resolution: non-aroused state; refractory period for men

33
Q

Orexin

A

Triggers hunger

I’m hungry HL

34
Q

Social motives

A

Condition needs, such as achievement, mortality, and education, which drives behavior

35
Q

Intrinsic motivation

A

Drive based upon person interest or enjoyment (do it cuz u like it)

36
Q

Extrinsic motivation

A

Drive based upon external rewards or punishment

37
Q

Affliction

A

Need to belong

38
Q

Achievement

A

Need to fulfill a goal or task

39
Q

Individual achievement

A

Achievement for ones own sake

40
Q

Collective achievement

A

Achievement for the sake of the community (team sport)

41
Q

Over justification effect

A

The result of being rewarded for behavior that you already like doing
when the reward is removed, so is the behavior
(Reading for $1)

42
Q

Approach-approach

A

Choice between two things you really like

2 positive options

43
Q

Avoidance-avoidance

A

2 negative options

Jug after school or lunch jug and miss lunch with friends

44
Q

Approach-avoidance

A

Situations with both the positive and negative option

Go to movie or study for test tomorrow

45
Q

Multiple approach-avoidance

A

Situations with multiple positive and negative options

Go to grand opening and hang with friends or study and not hang with friends

AP Psych (15 decks)

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