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AP Psych > State of Consciousness: Sleep > Flashcards

State of Consciousness: Sleep Flashcards

1
Q

Sleep facts

A

All mammals can sleep and dream

Humans spend 1/3 of their lives sleeping

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2
Q

Polysomnography

A

A comprehensive examination of neuro-physiological changes that occur during sleep episodes
(All the measurements, along with respiratory rates, and body temp)
How we measure sleep

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3
Q

EEG (electonencephalograph)

A

Measures brain wave activity

Associated with the different stages of sleep

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4
Q

EOG (electoocculograph)

A 
Measure ocular(eye) activity 
Associated with the different types of (NREM/REM) sleep
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5
Q

EMG (electromyograph)

A

Measures muscle tension

associated with the different stages of sleep

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6
Q

Body temp

A

Controlled by the biological clock
Lower at in the “internal” night and rises in the “internal” daytime
Persist even in the absence of sleep

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7
Q

EKG (electrocardiograph)

A

Measures heat activity

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8
Q

NREM

A

Stages 1-4
Stages 3 & 4 incorporate “deep sleep”
(Decreases when going through all the cycles)

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9
Q

REM

A

“Rapid eye movement”
Stage 5
Aka dream sleep
(Increases when going through all cycles)

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10
Q

Awake (pre-sleep) stage

A

Hypnagogic- state of consciousness just before falling asleep
Hypnopompic- state just Before we wake up
Relaxed state

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11
Q

NREM Sleep Stage 1

A

Alpha waves: short amplitude; high frequency

Loss of sensory experience

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12
Q

NREM Sleep Stage 2

A

Sleep spindles : bursts of rapid brain waves

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13
Q

NREM Sleep Stage 3

A

Deep sleep

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14
Q

NREM Sleep Stage 4

A

Deep sleep

Delta waves: high amplitude; low frequency

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15
Q

REM Sleep (Paradoxical sleep)

A

Increased internal activity (dreams, arousal)

Decreased external activity (Atonia)

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16
Q

Atonia

A

Loss of muscle tone during “dream sleep” in order to avoid acting out our dreams and potentially hurting ur self or someone else

17
Q

Sleep cycle

A

Avg night of sleep= 5 or 6 episodes (cycles)

Cycle= 90 mins

18
Q

Age (factors of sleep patterns)

A

Duration of overall sleep cycle shortens with age

19
Q

Genetics (factors of sleep patterns)

A

Except for identical twins sleep patterns Tend to be relative to each individual

20
Q

Culture (factors of sleep patterns)

A

Sleep patterns are impacted by:
Urbanization
Agricultural
Technology

21
Q

Restorative (sleep theories)

A

Sleeping is essential to “restore” the physiological processes that keep the body and mind healthy
NREM: important for restoring non-cognitive functions
REM: essential in restoring mental functions
Periods of REM sleep can increase REM rebound : following periods of sleep deprivation and significant physical activity
Body also increases its rate of cell division and protein synthesis

21
Q

Comparative research

A

: animals that have few natural predators sleep more; vise versa

22
Q

Adaptive non-responding (sleep theories)

A

Sleep evolved as a means of conserving energy

Sleep evolved as a means of remaining inactive during time when wakefulness would be hazardous

23
Q

Information consolidation

A

Ppl sleep in order to process info that has been aquifer during the day
Research suggests that sleep helps establish long term memory

24
Q

Sleep deprivation

A

Lack of sufficient REM or NREM sleep

Monitored in hypothalamus (homeostasis)

25
Q

REM rebound

A

The mind’s attempt to increase the amount of REM sleep in order to compensate for sleep deprivation

26
Q

NREM rebound

A

The mind’s attempt to increase the amount of NREM sleep in order to compensate for sleep deprivation

27
Q

Insomnia

A

The inability to fall asleep or stay awake

Or fall asleep after awakening during the sleep cycle

28
Q

Narcolepsy

A 
To fall asleep: 
Suddenly 
Involuntarily 
With out warning 
At any time
29
Q

Sleep apnea

A

The stopping of breathing during the sleep cycle which:
Lowers blood oxygen levels
Disrupts the sleep cycle
Occurs throughout the sleep cycle

30
Q

Night terrors

A

NREM episode
Involves sudden “expression” of fright
Unrelated to a bad dream
Generally, no memory of episode

31
Q

Somnambulism

A

Sleepwalking

NREM episode

AP Psych (15 decks)

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