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NPTE Exam > Musculoskeletal: Study Set 3 > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal: Study Set 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the anterior hip THA precautions

A

no hip extension, lateral adduction, and external rotation

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2
Q

What are the posterior THA precautions

A

no hip flexion beyond 90, medial rotation, and adduction

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3
Q

during lateral ankle reconstruction, what graft is commonly utilized

A

peroneal brevis

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4
Q

a positive thompson test is indicative of what MSK pathology

A

achilles tendon rupture

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5
Q

True of False

The achilles tendon is the largest and strongest tendon in the body

A

true

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6
Q

What patient population has the highest risk of rupturing the achilles tendon

A

thirty to fifty during recreational activities
pt with corticosteroid use history

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7
Q

If your pt ruptures their achilles, what diagnostic imaging would you expect them to have

A

x ray to rule out aversion fracture
mri to locate presence and severity of the rupture

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8
Q

True or False

women are more likely to rupture the achilles tendon than men are

A

false, men are, especially if they are a weekend warrior type and not consistently active

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9
Q

what is another name for adhesive capsulitis

A

frozen shoulder

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10
Q

What is the clinical presentation of adhesive capsulitis

A

loss of ROM in the capsular pattern of lateral rotation, abduction, medial rotation

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11
Q

True or False

Adhesive capsulitis effects women more than men

A

true

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12
Q

What are normal synovial fluid levels in the glenohumeral joint vs the fluid levels when adhesive capsulitis is present

A

normally 6-20 oz
decreases to 5-10oz

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13
Q

Your patient is coming in today due to an ankle sprain. Is it more likely to be a lateral or medial ankle sprain

A

lateral

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14
Q

If your pt has a lateral ankle sprain, what structures could be damaged

A

ATFL - anterior talofibular lig.
CFL - calcaneofibular lig.
PTFL - posterior talofibular lig

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15
Q

if your pt has a medial ankle sprain, what structures could be damaged

A

the deltoid ligament

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16
Q

What special tests should be performed and what is being tested if a lateral ankle sprain is present

A

ankle anterior drawer for ATFL
talar tilt for CFL.

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17
Q

What patient population has the highest probability of rupturing their ACL

A

14-29 y/o females

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18
Q

What is the clinical presentation of lateral epicondylitis?

A

px/inflammation of extensor tendons behind lateral epicondyle
pain with wrist flexion and elbow ext. together
pain with resisted wrist ext, and pain with resisted radial deviation
decreased grip strength

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19
Q

What patient population has the highest probability of developing lateral epicondylitis

A

30-40 y/o males

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20
Q

What diagnostic imaging is usually performed with lateral epicondylitis

A

none

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21
Q

What patient population has the highest probability of developing osteoarthritis

A

55 y/o females

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22
Q

True or False

The short head of the biceps is the source of pain and inflammation with bicipital tendonitis

A

false

long head of biceps

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23
Q

What is the clinical presentation of bicipital tendonitis

A

deep ache at front and top of shoulder
pain/tender with palpation of bicipital groove
OH athletes with repetitive ER and abduction

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24
Q

What special tests would be used to rule in bicipital tendonitis

A

Yergason’s test, speed’s test, biceps resistance test

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25
Q

How long can you expect to treat lateral epicondylitis

A

2-3 months

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26
Q

How long can you expect to treat an MCL sprain

A

4-8 weeks

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27
Q

How does primary anterior compartment syndrome typically happen

A

trauma to the anterior tib, EDL, EHL, and peroneal muscles

28
Q

What is the difference between primary and secondary anterior compartment syndrome.

A

primary is life threatening, secondary is due athletic exertion and is not threatening

29
Q

What is a colles fracture and what is the common MOI

A

a distal radius fracture by FOOSH

30
Q

what diagnostic imaging is used to diagnose a colles fracture

A

x ray

31
Q

What is congenital hip dysplasia

A

malalignment of the femoral head within the acetabulum that develops during the last trimester

32
Q

What special tests are used to diagnose congenital hip dysplasia

A

barlows and ortolani

33
Q

What muscle is affected with congenital torticollis and at what age will this condition come on by

A

SCM and two months

34
Q

When is surgical intervention appropriate for congenital torticollis

A

if PT management fails and the child is over 1 year old

35
Q

What is a clinical presentation of De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis

A

pain at the base of the thumb due to inflammation of the abductor pollicis longus and the extensor pollicis brevis. usually with repetitive motions in racquet sports

36
Q

True or False

The tendons that are involved with De Quervain’s do not pass through the extensor retinaculum

A

false, they pass through the tunnel so inflammation in the tunnel will cause pain and other symptoms

37
Q

What special test should be used when diagnosing De Quervains

A

finkelstein’s

38
Q

What causes myositis ossificans and how long does it take for the bone to grow

A

this is when bone grows in a muscle belly following a contusion. Bone starts growing 2W-4 weeks after injury and matures within 3-6 months

39
Q

What is the clinical presentation of myositis ossificans

A

hard lump in the muscle belly, an increase in pain, and a decrease in range of motion that had previously been improving

40
Q

Explain the pathology behind a bulging disk

A

a bulging disk occurs when the inner nucleus bulges past the exterior of the annulus fibrosis. Disks are more likely to bulge at the posterolateral aspect bc they are its weakest there. The disks often compress nerve roots which cause pain

41
Q

What diagnostic imaging should be used to diagnose a bulging disc

A

MRI

42
Q

What is the clinical presentation of a bulging disk

A

low back pain with unilateral radicular symptoms. symptoms will worsen with anything pretty much and anything that increase intraabdominal pressure

43
Q

What interventions are used to treat a bulging disk

A

lumbar stabilization exercises, traction, and modalities for pain. add extension exercises when tolerated

44
Q

What is duchenne muscular dystrophy and what causes it

A

DMD is a progressive disorder in which the body does not produce dystrophin or nebulin. This causes the muscles to be replaced by fat and connective tissue, leading a pt to die from cardiopulmonary failure prior to age 25

45
Q

How are the genetics of duchenne muscular dystrophy passed on

A

The mother carries a recessive gene that is passed on to sons only

46
Q

At what age of DMD do effects start showing

A

between two and five years old

47
Q

True or False

posterior shoulder dislocation is the most common

A

false, anterior is most common with abduction and lateral rotational movements

48
Q

Explain shoulder impingement syndrome

A

Typically causes by repetitive OH athletes, the humeral head and associated rotator cuff attachments migrate proximally and impinge under the acromion

49
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of shoulder impingement

A

deep shoulder pain, pain with OH activities, painful arc of motion between seventy and one hundred twenty degrees, and tenderness over greater tuberosity

50
Q

What is juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

A

an autoimmune disorder in which the immune cells mistakenly attack joint and organs causing effects throughout the body

51
Q

What are the different subtypes of juvenile RA

A

Pauciarticular - four or less joints
polyarticular - more than four joints

51
Q

What are the likely signs and symptoms of pauciarticular juvenile RA

A

asymmetric and mild
associated with eye disease

52
Q

What are the likely signs and symptoms of systemic juvenile RA

A

fever rash, chills that lasts for weeks.

52
Q

What are the likely signs and symptoms of polyarticular juvenile RA

A

asymmetric
associated with joints of hands and feet as well as larger joints

53
Q

True or False

lateral epicondylitis effects the flexor muscles

A

false - extensor muscles

54
Q

what is the common term used to describe lateral epicondylitis

A

tennis elbow

55
Q

what is the main muscle that is effected by tennis elbow

A

extensor carpi radialis brevis

56
Q

what is legg-calve-perthes disease

A

degeneration of the femoral head due to a disturbance in the blood supply or avascular necrosis

57
Q

what are the four stages of legg calve perthes disease

A

condensation, fragmentation, re-ossification, and remodeling

58
Q

does a varus or valgus force injure the MCL

A

valgus

59
Q

what the medical term for golfers elbow

A

medial epicondylitis

60
Q

what muscle groups and what nerve are most effected by golfer’s elbow

A

wrist and finger flexors and forearm pronators.
the ulnar nerve should be checked as well.

61
Q

is the medial or lateral meniscus more likely to be injured and why

A

medial meniscus because it is more firmly attached to the tibia

62
Q

what are the three special tests used to diagnose a meniscus tear

A

appley’s compression, mcmurray’s, and thessaly’s

63
Q

what diagnostic imaging should be used to diagnose a meniscus tear

A

MRI

64
Q
A

NPTE Exam (54 decks)

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