Musculoskeletal: Study Set 4

Question 1

What are the three main energy systems
Hint: They start with the letter A

Answer 1

1. ATP or phosphagen system
2. Anaerobic Glycosis or lactid acid
3. Aerobic or Oxygen system

Question 2

Which energy system is used for high intensity, short duration exercise
1. ATP or phosphagen system
2. Anaerobic Glycosis or lactid acid
3. Aerobic or Oxygen system

Answer 2

ATP AND anaerobic glycosis

Question 3

Which energy system would be used if you were to sprint 100 meters
1. ATP or phosphagen system
2. Anaerobic Glycosis or lactid acid
3. Aerobic or Oxygen system

Answer 3

ATP

Question 4

The ATP energy system provides energy for muscle contraction for up to ____ seconds

Answer 4

15 seconds

Question 5

True or False:

The ATP energy system does not depend on oxygen that we breathe to transport to working muscles

Answer 5

true

Question 6

Where are ATP and PC stored?

Answer 6

directly within the contractile mechanisms of the muscle

Question 7

Which energy system would be used if you were to sprint 400 or 800 meters
1. ATP or phosphagen system
2. Anaerobic Glycosis or lactid acid
3. Aerobic or Oxygen system

Answer 7

2. anaerobic or lactic acid`

Question 8

The anaerobic glycolysis/lactic acid energy system provides energy for muscle contraction for _____ seconds

Answer 8

30-40 seconds

Question 9

Which energy system is used for low intensity, long duration exercise
1. ATP or phosphagen system
2. Anaerobic Glycosis or lactid acid
3. Aerobic or Oxygen system

Answer 9

3. aerobic or oxygen system

Question 10

Which energy system would be used if you were to run a marathon
1. ATP or phosphagen system
2. Anaerobic Glycosis or lactid acid
3. Aerobic or Oxygen system

Answer 10

3. Aerobic or oxygen system

Question 11

What is the location, distribution, and sensitivity of free ending joint receptors

Answer 11

location- joint capsule, ligaments, synovium, and fat pads
sensitivity - noxious and non-noxious stimuli
distribution - all joints

Question 12

What is the location, distribution, and sensitivity of golgi ligament ending joint receptors

Answer 12

location - ligaments
sensitivity - stretch/tension on ligaments
distribution - majority of joints

Question 13

What is the location, distribution, and sensitivity of golgi-mazzoni corpuscles joint receptors

Answer 13

location - joint capsule
sensitivity - compression of joint capsule
primary distribution - knee joint, joint capsule

Question 14

What is the location, distribution, and sensitivity of Pacinian corpuscles joint receptors

Answer 14

location - fibrous layer of joint capsule
sensitivity - high frequency vibration, acceleration/deceleration

Question 15

What is the location, distribution, and sensitivity of Ruffini endings joint receptors

Answer 15

location - fibrous layer of joint capsule
sensitivity - stretching of joint capsule, amplitude and velocity of joint position
distribution - proximal joints

Question 16

(Muscles spindles/golgi tendon organ) are distributed throughout the belly of the muscle

Answer 16

muscle spindle

Question 17

(Muscles spindles/golgi tendon organ) function to send information to the nervous system regarding muscle length and the rate of which the length is changing

Answer 17

muscle spindle

Question 18

(Muscles spindles/golgi tendon organ) play a role in involuntary movement

Answer 18

muscle spindle

Question 19

(Muscles spindles/golgi tendon organ) are distributed throughout sensory receptors in muscle tendons

Answer 19

golgi tendon organ

Question 20

(Muscles spindles/golgi tendon organ) function to send information to the nervous system regarding tension within a muscle

Answer 20

golgi tension organ

Question 21

(Muscles spindles/golgi tendon organ) play a role in voluntary movement

Answer 21

golgi tendon

Question 22

What is the action of Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Agents/Medications

Answer 22

They slow or halt the progression of rheumatic disease, typically early in the disease process to slow the progression prior to widespread damage of the joints

Question 23

What is the indication of using Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Agents/Medications

Answer 23

rheumatic disease, preferably during early stages

Question 24

What are the side effects and implications for PT of using Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Agents/Medications

Answer 24

nausea, headache, swelling, toxicity, sepsis, retinal damage
PT - be able to recognize high levels of toxicity

Question 25

What is the action of Glucocorticoid/Corticosteroid medications

Answer 25

They provide hormonal, anti-inflammatory, and metabolic effects with systemic diseases

Question 26

What is the indication of using Glucocorticoid/Corticosteroid medications

Answer 26

replacement therapy, anti-inflammatory, and immunosuppressants. Used to treat rheumatic and respiratory conditions

Question 27

What are the side effects and implications for PT of using Glucocorticoid/Corticosteroid medications

Answer 27

muscle atrophy, weakening of supporting tissue, mood changes PT - should wear a mask due to weakened immune system

Question 28

What is the action of Nonopioid agents/medications

Answer 28

Provides analgesia and pain relief as well as anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic/fever relief

Question 29

What is the indication of using Nonopioid medications

Answer 29

mild to moderate pain relief, muscle ache, reduction of myocardial infarction with aspirin only

Question 30

What are the side effects and implications for PT of using Nonopioid medications

Answer 30

n/v/abdominal distress, vertigo PT- Pain may be masked which would push the patient beyond limits

Question 31

What is the action and indication of using Opioid agents/medications

Answer 31

Provide analgesia for severe pain or induction of conscious sedation prior to a diagnostic procedure

Question 32

What are the side effects and implications for PT of using Opioid medications

Answer 32

mood swings, confusion, vertigo, constipation, tolerance, physical dependence PT - monitor for signs of respiratory distress, schedule painful treatments for two hours after medication is consumed

Question 33

What is considered good posture of the toes and feet

Answer 33

Toes - Straight forward in line with the foot. Not curled or bent or squeezed together or overlapped. Feet - Arch in the shape of a half dome, toes slightly outward. Feet are parallel. Walking - feet parallel with weight transferred from heel along the outer border to the ball of the foot Running - Toe in slightly with weight on balls and toes of feet; heel to not come in contact with the ground

Question 34

What is considered good posture of the knees and legs

Answer 34

Legs are straight up and down with patella straight ahead. Knees neither flexed or hyperextended

Question 35

What is considered good posture of the hips, pelvis, and spine when viewing from the back

Answer 35

Equal weight bearing through both sides, level hips, no curve in the spine

Question 36

What is considered good posture of the hips, pelvis, and spine when viewing from the side

Answer 36

The front of the thigh is aligned with the pelvis. The spine shows four natural curves where cervical and lumbar are concave and thoracic and sacral curves are convex

Question 37

What is considered good posture of the abdomen, chest, and head

Answer 37

Abdomen - Abdomen should be flat, but in children under ten it will slightly protrude Chest - Slightly up and forward Head - Erect position with good balance

Question 38

What is considered good posture of the arms and shoulders

Answer 38

Arms - Relaxed at sides with palms facing body. Elbows slightly bent, forearms slightly forward Shoulders - Level. Shoulder blades lie flat against the rib cage and sit 4 inches apart from each other

Question 39

The plumb line's ideal positioning is _________ to the coronal suture _________ the external auditory meatus _________ the axis of the odontoid process _________ the tip of the shoulder _________ the bodies of the lumbar vertebrae _________ to the hip joint _________ to the axis of the knee joint _________ to the lateral malleolus _________ the calcaneocuboid joint

Answer 39

slightly posterior to the coronal through the external auditory meatus through the axis of the odontoid process midway through the tip of the shoulder through the bodies of the lumbar vertebrae slightly posterior to the hip joint slightly anterior to the axis of the knee joint slightly anterior to the lateral malleolus through the calcaneocuboid joint