Nerves

Question 1

termination of spinal cord

Answer 1

Conus terminalis (cone shape)

Question 2

Extensions of spinal nerves below its terminal end (horsetail-like)

Answer 2

Cuada equina

Question 3

What passes thru optic canal

Answer 3

Optic nerve, ophthalmic artery

Question 4

Largest branch of ophthalmic nerve

Answer 4

V1

Frontal nerve

Question 5

Smallest branch of ophthalmic nerve

Answer 5

Lacrimal nerve

Question 6

Sensory innervation to lacrimal gland

Answer 6

Lacrimal nerve

Question 7

Parasympathetic neurons to lacrimal gland

Answer 7

VII - greater petrosal nerve

Question 8

Innervates anterior 1/3 of palate

Answer 8

Nerve of scarpa/nasopalatine nerve

Question 9

Innervates soft palate

Answer 9

Lesser/posterior palatine nerve

Question 10

Parasympathetic neurons to submandibular gland

Answer 10

VII Chorda tympani

Question 11

Parasympathetic nerve to sublingual gland

Answer 11

VII Chorda tympani

Question 12

Parasympathetic neurons to parotid gland

Answer 12

IX tympanic nerve / Jacobson’s nerve

Question 13

Sensory of parotid gland

Answer 13

Auriculotemporal nerve (V3)

Question 14

Gives rise to ASAN, MSAN

Answer 14

infraorbital nerve

Question 15

Innervates skin of the face

Answer 15

CN V

Question 16

Only sensory branch in the anterior division of mandibular nerve

Answer 16

Long buccal nerve

Question 17

Only motor branch in the posterior division of mandibular nerve

Answer 17

Mylohyoid nerve

Question 18

Spicy taste is transmitted by what nerve

Answer 18

Lingual nerve (V3) not VII since spicy is pain and heat sensation

Question 19

Innervates the anterior belly of digastric muscle

Answer 19

V3 - mylohyoid nerve

Question 20

Innervates sensory of TMJ

Answer 20

Auriculotemporal nerve (v3)
Remember: parehas sila ng parotid. Magka-area

Question 21

Innervates dura mater

Answer 21

Meningeal nerve (v3)

Question 22

Which ear ossicle is attached to the tensor tympani nerve?

Answer 22

Malleus

Question 23

Foramen of exit of facial nerve

Answer 23

Stylomastoid foramen

Question 24

CN responsible for gag reflex (sensory and motor)

Answer 24

Sensory: IX
Motor: X

Question 25

Somatic motor to stylopharyngeus muscle

Answer 25

CN IX *Only muscle it supplies* Most muscle of palate and pharynx (X)

Question 26

Nerve for balance

Answer 26

VIII vestibular nerve

Question 27

Nerve for hearing

Answer 27

VIII cochlear nerve

Question 28

Prevents over inflation of lungs

Answer 28

Herring bruer reflex (CN X)

Question 29

CN XI foramen

Answer 29

Enters skull via foramen magnum, exits via jugular foramen

Question 30

Only neck muscle innervated by cranial nerve

Answer 30

Trapezius SCM Both by CN XI

Question 31

Innervates palatoglossus

Answer 31

CN X (pharyngeal plexus IX and X) Most extrinsic muscle of tongue is innervated by CN XII except palatoglossus

Question 32

Parasympathetic fibers for SA and AV nodes

Answer 32

CN X

Question 33

Sympathetic fibers for SA node and AV node

Answer 33

T1-T4

Question 34

Innervates the tensorsss

Answer 34

V3

Question 35

Gives rise to supratrochlear and infratrochlear nerve

Answer 35

Frontal nerve (v1) to supratrochlear (skin above medial canthus) Nasociliary nerve (v1) to infratrochlear (skin adjacent to medial canthus)

Question 36

Innervates the accessory glands (PSNS)

Answer 36

Greater petrosal nerve (VII). Chorda tympani for submandibular and sublingual glands (psns)

Question 37

Innervates somatic and visceral sensory from posterior 3rd of tongue

Answer 37

Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) via **lingual branch**

Question 38

Innervates the baroreceptors and chemoreceptors (PSNS and SNS)

Answer 38

Hering's nerve (IX) *Carotid sinus (baroreceptors) and carotid bodies* -bifurcation is located at c3 and c4

Question 39

Parasympathetic Ganglion of CN IX

Answer 39

Otic ganglion *Parotid gland

Question 40

motor nucleus of CN III and its location/function

Answer 40

Oculomotor nuclei (motor) - midbrain Edinger-westphal nucleus (autonomic/parasympathetic) -midbrain

Question 41

Motor nuclei of CN VII and location

Answer 41

Facial nucleus (motor) - pons Superior salivatory nucleus (secretory/ parasympathetic) -pons

Question 42

Location of nucleus ambiguus and cranial nerves

Answer 42

Medulla CN IX, X, XI *Motor*

Question 43

Motor nuclei of CN X

Answer 43

Dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (autonomic/parasympathetic) - medulla

Question 44

Location of motor nuclei of CN XI

Answer 44

Accessory nucleus located in the cervical spinal cord *Motor* **Remember nucleus ambiguus din**

Question 45

Sensory nuclei for taste and location

Answer 45

Nucleus of solitary tract Solitary nucleus +Sensory of CN VII, IX, and X **Pons and medulla**

Question 46

Sensory nucleus for jaw jerk reflex and location

Answer 46

Mesencephalic nucleus (CN V) **Midbrain and pons**

Question 47

Sensory nucleus for blink reflex and location

Answer 47

trigeminal main sensory nuclei Or descending tract of CN V +Sensory function of CN V (touch on the face) **Pons**

Question 48

longest intracranial nerve

Answer 48

trochlear nerve -also the smallest cranial nerve

Question 49

responsible for myelin sheath production in CNS? PNS?

Answer 49

Oligodendrocytes - cns Schwann cells - pns

Question 50

what is foramen of monro?

Answer 50

interventricular foramen *CSF pathway

Question 51

CSF pathway

Answer 51

lateral ventricles - foramen monro - third ventricle - cerebral aqueduct of sylvius - fourth ventricle to foramen magendie **or** to foramen luschka -- spinal canal -- subarachnoid space

Question 52

group of ependymal cells that produces CSF

Answer 52

choroid plexus

Question 53

anatomic part of brain that produces csf

Answer 53

ventricle

Question 54

structures that reabsorb CSF

Answer 54

arachnoid villi

Question 55

Le fort fracture most common to produce CSF rhinorrhea

Answer 55

III > II

Question 56

Degeneration of distal segment

Answer 56

Wallerian degeneration

Question 57

Myelin sheath is damaged

Answer 57

Neuropraxia

Question 58

Myelin sheath + endo and/or perineurium

Answer 58

Axonotmesis (with wallerian degeneration)

Question 59

All layers of nerve are damaged including epineurium

Answer 59

Neurotmesis (wallerian degeneration)

Question 60

Compare the different nerve fibers

Answer 60

a fibers - myelinated - largest - fastest pain - slowest anes b fibers - unmyelinated - sensation from viscera to the brain and spinal cord C fibers - unmyelinated - smallest - slowest pain - fastest anes

Question 61

Types of nerve fibers supplying the pulp

Answer 61

A-delta, C fibers

Question 62

Innervation of gallbladder

Answer 62

Vagal fibers from celiac plexus

Question 63

Innervation of intestinal walls? Sympathetic? Parasympathetic?

Answer 63

Sym: splanchnic nerve - slows motility Parasym: vagus nerve - increase motility

Question 64

Innervation of esophagus?

Answer 64

Motor: Recurrent laryngeal nerves (X) Sym: esophageal plexus of nerves Parasym: esophageal of vagus

Question 65

Innervation of large intestines

Answer 65

Vagus nerve: ascending and transverse colons Pelvic splanchnic nerves: descending, sigmoid colon, rectum, anus

Question 66

Major barrier of anesthesia

Answer 66

Perineurium (surrounds a group of axon called **fascicle**)

Question 67

Largest branch of sacral plexus

Answer 67

Sciatic nerve Sacral plexus is L4 to S4

Question 68

Largest branch of lumbar plexus

Answer 68

Femoral nerve Lumbar plexus is L1 to L4

Question 69

Spinal plexuses and what contributes to each plexus

Answer 69

Cervical c1-c4 Brachial c5 to t1 Lumbar l1 to l4 Sacral l4 to s4

Question 70

Patch of skin innervated by a spinal nerve

Answer 70

Dermatome

Question 71

Part of brain involved in regulation of internal temperature

Answer 71

Hypothalamus

Question 72

Part of brain responsible for balance

Answer 72

Cerebellum