Neuro 2 pt1 Flashcards
(22 cards)
Term “Pyramidal tract”= __ motor tract
begins in motor homunculus primary pathway for voluntary motor
corticospinal
*___ supplies the leg,
___ supplies the arm
anterior cerebral artery
middle cerebral artery
*UMN = starts at the
spinal cord
Motor tract leaves through the __ root ganglion
ventral/anterior
Extrapyramidal Symptoms mostly damage __ causing:
most damage basal ganglia, causing Parkinson-like movements or “dyskinesias”
Myoclonus means
repetitive (same) contractions
Athetosis means
random movements. Often seen with the mouth or the hand.
What are the 2 main movements of Parkinson-like movements?
Myoclonus & Athetosis
a patient has myoclonus & athetosis. These are ___ symptoms
Extrapyramidal symptoms
Define:
Chorea, Ballismus, Athetosis
Chorea: dance-like
Ballismus: violent flinging
Athetosis: slow
when you take the middle finger and you flip the nail, the thumb and pointer contract.
This is __ sign. What does it test for?
Hoffman’s sign.
nerve regeneration
What’s the most anterior CN?
What’s the most inferior?
1
12
Dz/disfunction of CNI
What can cause this?
Anosmia
olfactory groove meningiomas – tumor develops in same pathway as this nerve, so they lose this function.
the optic nerve arises from ganglion cells in the ___ of the eye
Retina
Like the CNS, optic n. damage is ___ unlike nerves from PNS
irreversible
Cut left retina and you’ll have __ blindness.
monocular
Tunnel vision/most central vision uses the most __vpart of the occipital lobe
posterior-most part
Dz of CNII pathway
Damage to Optic nerve fibers at: (2 main locations)
retina, optic chiasm
Dz of CNII
Tunnel vision & decr. visual acuity
the optic nerve fibers atrophy causing the optic cup to become larger
Glaucoma
Define Papilledema
why does this happen?
high pressure in the brain afefcts the eye
High pressure in CSF space in brain will point out to the eye and cause damage, papilledema. You can recognize it without doing a CT scan of the head.
temporary, complete monocular blindness that goes away
amaurosis fugax
what is amaurosis fugax?
Temporary, but complete monocular blindness that goes away
