New Words 11 Flashcards
(36 cards)
keep house
To maintain one’s household, especially by performing housework such as cleaning, etc.
➡ It’s hard to keep house to the same standards that you used to before you had kids.
pool
verb[T]
combine your money, ideas, skills etc with those of other people so that you can all use them
➡Investors agreed topooltheirresourcesto develop the property.
➡The students worked together, pooling their knowledge.
fuss
Noun
S3/fʌs/noun[singular, U]
1)anxious behaviour or activity that is usually about unimportant things
➡James said he’d better be getting back or there’dbe a fuss.
➡The Steamatic enables you to clean any carpetwiththeminimum of fuss.
2)attention or excitement that is usually unnecessary or unwelcome
➡They wanted a quiet wedding without any fuss.
➡ Until I heard her sing I couldn’t seewhat all the fuss w
a strong relationship between people, groups, or countries
tie
⛥close/strong ties
➡the importance of strongfamily ties
⛥tie between/with
➡ close ties between the two countries
⛥economic/diplomatic/personal etc ties
➡ Japan’s strong economic ties with Taiwanthe ties of marriage/friendship/love etc
something that is done in a way that is different from the way it is usually done
var‧i‧a‧tion
W2AC
/ˌveəriˈeɪʆn$ˌver-/noun
➡ Most of his poems arevariations onthethemeof love.
pro‧mote
S3W2AC
/prəˈməʊt$-ˈmoʊt/verb[T]
to help something to develop or increase
➡a meeting to promote trade between Taiwan and the UK
➡Fertilizer promotes leaf growth.
opposite
Con‧verse
AC/ˈkɒnvɜːs$kənˈvɜːrs/adjective
(formal)
➡a converse example
➖➖➖➖➖➖
con‧verse1
/kənˈvɜːs$-ˈvɜːrs/verbIto have a conversation with someone
🔺SYNtalk
⛥converse with
➡She enjoyed the chance to converse with another French speaker.
➖➖➖➖➖
con‧verse‧ly
AC/kənˈvɜːsli, ˈkɒnvɜːsli$kənˈvɜːrsli, ˈkɑːnvɜːrsli/adverb
used when one situation is the opposite of another
➡American consumers prefer white eggs; conversely, British buyers like brown eggs.
likely to change often :
variable AC / ˈveəriəb ə l $ ˈver- / adjective
متغير
»> Expect variable cloudiness and fog tomorrow.
»> Interest rates can be “highly variable”.
+ variable in size/shape/colour etc
»> These fish are highly variable in color and pattern.
——————
invariable AC / ɪnˈveəriəb ə l $ -ˈver- / adjective
دايم - هميشگي - ثابت
1 always happening in the same way, at the same time etc :
»> His invariable answer was ‘Wait and see.’
2 technical never changing OPP variable :
»> Mass, unlike weight, is invariable.
to make a person or an animal think or behave in a certain way by influencing or training them over a period of time
condition 2 verb 1 >>> People are conditioned by society. \+ condition somebody to do something >>> Many women are conditioned from birth to be accepting rather than questioning.
2 [ transitive ] formal
to control or decide the way in which something can happen or exist SYN determine :
»> What I buy is conditioned by the amount I earn.
deliberately different from what is usual, expected, or traditional
al‧ter‧na‧tive
S2W2AC
/ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv$ɒːlˈtɜːr-, æl-/adjective
⛥ alternative music/theatre etc
➡ Tucson’s alternative radio station
🔊🔊sources ofalternative energy(=energy produced by the sun, wind etc rather than by gas, coal etc)
➡ tolerance ofalternative lifestyles
⛥ alternative medicine/therapies(=medical treatment that is not based on the usual western methods)
➡ Acupuncture is widely used by practitioners of alternative medicine.
in‧ter‧pret‧er
/ɪnˈtɜːprtə$-ˈtɜːrprtər/noun[C]
someone who changes spoken words from one language into another, especially as their job
🔊 translator
➡ Speakingthrough an interpreter(=using an interpreter), Ahmed said, ‘I’m very worried about my wife and children.’
Prospect
کار شود
bur‧sa‧ry
/ˈbɜːsəri$ˈbɜːr-/noun(pluralbursaries)C
an amount of money given to someone so that they can study at a university or college
🔺 SYNgrant
to give part of your power or work to someone in a lower position than you
del‧e‧gate
/ˈdelgeɪt/verb
1)[I,T]
➡ A good manager knows when to delegate.
➡ It takes experience to judge correctly how much power should be delegated.
⛥delegate something to somebody
➡ Minor tasks should be delegated to your assistant.
2)[T]to choose someone to do a particular job, or to be a representative of a group, organization etc
⛥delegate somebody to do something
➡ I was delegated to find a suitable conference venue.
➖➖➖➖➖➖
del‧e‧gate
/ˈdelgt/noun[C]
someone who has been elected or chosen to speak, vote, or take decisions for a group
🔊 →representative
➡ Around 350 delegates attended the conference.
cram
to prepare yourself for an examination by learning a lot of information quickly
🔺 SYNswot
➡She’s been cramming hard all week.cram for
➡ I have to cram for my chemistry test tomorrow.
affecting only the surface of your skin or the outside part of something, and therefore not serious
1)not looking/studying carefullynot studying or looking at something carefully and only seeing the most noticeable thingssuperficial examination/study etcEven a superficial inspection revealed serious flaws.Naturally, such visits can allow only the most superficial understanding of prison life.
2)appearanceseeming to have a particular quality, although this is not true or realsuperficial resemblance/similarityDespite their superficial similarities, the two novels are, in fact, very different.Beneath his refined manners and superficial elegance lay something treacherous.
⛥ at/on a superficial level
➡At a superficial level, things seem to have remained the same.
3)wound/damage
affecting only the surface of your skin or the outside part of something, and therefore not serious
➡She escaped with only superficial cuts and bruises.
➡superficial damage
fellow
W3adjective
⛥ fellow workers/students/countrymen etc
people that you work with, study with, or who are in the same situation as you
in‧sur‧rec‧tion
/ˌɪnsəˈrekʆn/nounC,U
an attempt by a large group of people within a country to take control using force and violence
🔺 SYNrebellion
insurrection against
➡ anarmed insurrectionagainst the party in power
spon‧ta‧ne‧ous
/spɒnˈteɪniəs$spɑːn-/adjective
1)something that is spontaneous has not been planned or organized, but happens by itself, or because you suddenly feel you want to do it
➡The crowd gave a spontaneous cheer.
➡My spontaneous reaction was to run away.
2)someone who is spontaneous does things without planning them first – used to show approval—
spontaneouslyadverb
➡ She laughed spontaneously.
put your foot in your mouth
to say or do something that you should not have, esp. something that embarrasses someone else:
➡ I really put my foot in my mouth – I asked her if Jane was her mother, but she said Jane is her sister.
➡ He just tends to put his foot in his mouth when he’s forced to speak for too long, so try to get him off stage as soon as possible.
➡ Oh man, did I ever put my foot in my mouth—I just congratulated Sarah’s sister on being pregnant. She isn’t.
To exert, assert, or expend something (almost always “effort”).
put forth
➡They played competently, but they just didn’t put forth enough effort to win.
➡ If you don’t put your best effort forth, there’s no way they’ll consider you for the job.
fau‧na
/ˈfɔːnə$ˈfɒː-/nounC,U
all the animals living in a particular area or period in history
a‧mend‧ment
AC/əˈmendmənt/noun[C,U]
a small change, improvement, or addition that is made to a law or document, or the process of doing this
➡constitutional amendmentsamendment to
➡ an amendment to the resolution
rat‧i‧fy
توافق سیاسی مکتوب انجام دادن
[T]to make a written agreement official by signing it
⛥ratify a treaty/an agreement/a decision etc
➡We hope that the republics will be willing to ratify the treaty.—ratification/ˌrætfˈkeɪʆn/noun[U]
➡ an attempt to delay ratification of the treaty
