New Words 11

Question 1

to give someone information about somethingclue somebody ↔ in on/about

Answer 1

clue
verbclue somebody ↔ in

phrasal verb(informal)
➡Somebody must have clued him in on our sales strategy.

Question 2

to give someone a sign that it is the right moment for them to speak or do something, especially during a performance

Answer 2

cue
verb[T]

➡The studio manager will cue you when it’s your turn to come on.

Question 3

have something in store (for someone)

Answer 3

Fig. to have something planned for one’s future.

➡ Tom has a large inheritance in store for him when his uncle dies.
➡I wish I had something like that in store.

Question 4

commutative

adjective
uk ​ /kəˈmjuː.təˌtɪv/ us ​ /kəˈmjuː.t̬əˌtɪv/ specialized
​

Answer 4

(of a calculation) giving the same result whatever order the values are in

➖➖➖➖➖

com‧mu‧ta‧tion
/ˌkɒmjˈteɪʆn$ˌkɑː-/nounC,Ua reduction in how severe a punishment is

➡Activists campaigned for a commutation of Lee’s sentence.

Question 5

pro‧spec‧tive

Answer 5

AC/prəˈspektɪv/adjective[only before noun]

1)⛥prospective employee/candidate/buyer
etc

someone who is likely to do a particular thing or achieve a particular position

2)likely to happen
➡the prospective costs of providing pensions

Question 6

(something) in the neighbourhood of £500/30% etc

Answer 6

a little more or a little less than a particular number or amount
🔺SYNapproximately
➡ The painting is worth something in the neighborhood of $3,000.
➖➖➖➖➖➖

🔊 The hotel is situated in a peaceful residential neighbourhood(=area where there are houses rather than factories or shops).

Question 7

op‧posed

Answer 7

/əˈpəʊzd$əˈpoʊzd/adjective[not before noun]

1)be opposed to somethingto disagree with something such as a plan or system
➡Most of us are opposed to the death penalty.

2)two ideas that are opposed to each other are completely different from each other
➡The principles of capitalism and socialism arediametrically opposed(=completely opposite).

Question 8

tame

Answer 8

verb[T]

1)to reduce the power or strength of something and prevent it from causing trouble
➡The Prime Minister managed to tame the trade unions.

⛥ In 1968, scientists tried taming hurricanes

2)to train a wild animal to obey you and not to attack people
🔺SYNdomesticate
➡The Asian elephant can be tamed and trained.
➖➖➖➖➖

tame
/teɪm/adjective

1)a tame animal or bird is not wild any longer, because it has been trained to live with peopleOPPwild
➡ tame elephants

Question 9

Cloud seeding

Answer 9

Cloud seeding is a type of weather modification that aims to change the amount or type of precipitation that falls from clouds, by dispersing substances into the air that serve as cloud condensation or ice nuclei, which alter the microphysical processes within the cloud.

Question 10

mus‧ter

Answer 10

/ˈmʌstə$-ər/verb
به دست آوردن انرژی ، اعتماد به نفس یا …

1)[T]alsomuster up something

⚌to get enough courage, confidence, support etc to do something, especially with difficulty

⛥muster (up) the courage/confidence/energy etc to do something
➡Finally I mustered up the courage to ask her out.
➡Senator Newbolt has been trying to muster support for his proposals.

➡ Since man cannot muster anything approaching the energy of a hurricane, and so has no hope of overcoming the storm by force, Stormfury attempts to use the giant’s own energy against it.

⚌get

Question 11

spur

Answer 11

verb(past tense and past participlespurredpresent participlespurring)

⛥ SYNencourage

1)[T]alsospur somebody onto encourage someone or make them want to do something
➡The band were spurred on by the success of their last two singles.
⛥spur somebody (on) to do something
➡His misfortunes spurred him to write.
⛥spur somebody (on) to something
➡the coach who spurred him on to Olympic success
➡It was an article in the local newspaper which finallyspurredhiminto action.

➡ Lower taxes would spur investment and help economic growth.

🔺 How hurricanes and other devastating disasters spur scientific research
➖➖➖➖➖
on the spur of the moment
⚌ suddenly, without any previous planning or thought
➡We would often decide what to play on the spur of the moment.

Question 12

re‧mu‧ne‧ra‧tive
/rɪˈmjuːnrətɪv$-nəreɪtɪv/adjective(formal)making a lot of money

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, Fifth Edition (LDOCE5) © Pearson Education Limited 2009

Answer 12

کار شود

re‧mu‧ne‧ra‧tion
/rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʆn/nounC,Uthe pay you give someone for something they have done for youhigh rates of remuneration—remunerate/rɪˈmjuːnəreɪt/verb[T]

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, Fifth Edition (LDOCE5) © Pearson Education Limited 2009

Question 13

…. condition

Answer 13

Cramped

Question 14

dis‧ser‧ta‧tion

Answer 14

/ˌdɪsəˈteɪʆn$ˌdɪsər-/noun[C]a long piece of writing on a particular subject, especially one written for a university degree

→thesis

Question 15

di‧spir‧ited

Answer 15

/dɪˈspɪrtd/adjective

someone who is dispirited does not feel as hopeful, eager, or interested in something as they were in the past
⛥SYNdiscouraged
➡At last, dispirited and weary, they gave up the search.—dispiritedlyadverb

Question 16

de‧bunk

Answer 16

/ˌdiːˈbʌŋk/verb[T]
To show that an idea or belief is false
رد کردن
➡ His claims were later debunked by fellow academics.

Question 17

Concrete

Answer 17

Researchers suggest that parents of only children may spend more time and effort on them, therefore setting more concrete expectations and giving them more opportunities than they would otherwise.

کار شود

Question 18

Solitary

Answer 18

doing something without anyone else with you
➡a long, solitary walk
➡ solitary activity

3)spending a lot of time alone, usually because you like being alone

🔺 OPPsociable

➡a solitary man

➡Pandas are solitary creatures.

➡He led a rather solitary existence.

Question 19

Commit the phrase “but you are free” to memory now —

Answer 19

کار شود
Commit

Those in the experimental condition were substantially more likely to comply with the request.

Question 20

re‧strain

Answer 20

AC/rɪˈstreɪn/verb[T]

1)to stop someone from doing something, often by using physical forcerestrain somebody from doing something
➡ I had to restrain her from running out into the street.
➡ He had to be restrained from using violence.
⛥ A revival of science in Europe restrained the imagination of geographers.

3)to control or limit something that is increasing too much
➡ Price rises should restrain consumer spending.

Question 21

dis‧place

Answer 21

AC/dɪsˈpleɪs/verb[T]

1)to take the place or position of something or someone
🔺 SYNreplace
➡Coal has been displaced by natural gas as a major source of energy.
➡immigrants who displace US workers in the job market

⛥ X was displaced by Y.

2)to make a group of people or animals have to leave the place where they normally live
➡Fifty thousand people have been displaced by the fighting.

Question 22

con‧tend

Answer 22

/kənˈtend/verb

1)[I]to compete against someone in order to gain somethingcontend for
➡Three armed groups are contending for power.
➡ Inevitably, fights break out between the members of contending groups.

2)[T]to argue or state that something is true
🔺SYN insist
⛥contend (that)
➡ Some astronomers contend that the universe may be younger than previously thought.

Question 23

un‧der‧go

Answer 23

underwent/-ˈwent/past participleundergone/-ˈgɒn$-ˈgɒːn/)[T not in passive]if you undergo a change, an unpleasant experience etc, it happens to you or is done to you

➡ The country hasundergonemassivechangesrecently.
➡ He has been released from prison toundergomedicaltreatmentin the United States.
➡ She has beenundergoing testssince Monday.
➡Teachers should be expected toundergomid-careertrainingand development.

Question 24

intrigue

Answer 24

/ɪnˈtriːg/verb

[T]if something intrigues you, it interests you a lot because it seems strange or mysterious

➡ Other people’s houses always intrigued her.

➖➖➖➖➖

in‧trigued
/ɪnˈtriːgd/adjective

very interested in something because it seems strange or mysterious

⛥intrigued by/with
➡He was intrigued by her reaction.

⛥ intrigued to know/learn etc
➡She was intrigued to know what he planned to do next.

Question 25

pre‧ced‧ing

Answer 25

AC/prɪˈsiːdɪŋ/adjectiveonly before nounhappening or coming before the time, place, or part mentioned

🔺SYNpreviousOPPfollowing
⛥preceding days/weeks/months/years
➡ income tax paid in preceding years
⛥preceding chapter/paragraph/page etc
➡the diagram in the preceding chapter

Question 26

rejuvenation

Answer 26

noun [ U ]
uk ​ /rɪˌdʒuː.vənˈeɪ.ʃən/ us ​ /rɪˌdʒuː.vənˈeɪ.ʃən/
​

🔃the act or process of making someone look or feel young and energetic again:
🌟‌Anyone can benefit from facial rejuvenation treatments.
🌟Peruvian balsam is an essential oil that promotes skin rejuvenation.
​

🔃 the act or process of making an organization or system more effective by introducing new methods, ideas, or people:
🌟He has direct responsibility for the rejuvenation of the economy.
🌟a plan for rejuvenation of inner cities

Question 27

at stake

Answer 27

C2 If something that is valuable is at stake, it is in a situation where it might be lost:

➡ Thousands of lives will be at stake if emergency aid does not arrive in the city soon.

Question 28

reck‧less

Answer 28

/ˈrekləs/adjective

not caring or worrying about the possible bad or dangerous results of your actions

➡He was accused of causing death byreckless driving.
➡areckless disregardfor safety
➡He ran into the burning house withreckless abandon(=without caring about the danger).

—recklesslyadverb—recklessnessnoun[U]

Question 29

polish

Answer 29

Your essay is good, you just need to polish it a bit.

)to improve a piece of writing, a speech etc by making slight changes to it before it is completely finished

Question 30

pres‧ti‧gious

Answer 30

/preˈstɪdʒəs$-ˈstɪː-, -ˈsti-/adjective

املای مهم

admired as one of the best and most important
➡a prestigious literary award
➡ahighly prestigiousuniversity