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From Flashcardlet > nuclear medicine > Flashcards

nuclear medicine Flashcards

1
Q

nuclear medicine

A

branch of medical imaging tht uses small amounts of radioactive material to diagnose and determine the severity of or treat a variety of diseases. uses IV injections

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2
Q

procedures are able to

A

pinpoint molecular activity with in the body

- identify diseases early

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3
Q

two meds used

A
  • radiopharmaceuticals

- radiotracers

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4
Q

ways of getting radiotracer in the body

A

injection

  • swallowed
  • inhale as a gas
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5
Q

gamma camera

used to detect the distribution of the ______

  • radiation inside strikes a ____ inside the camera, producing ____, which exposes the _____ film
  • resulting image demonstrates the ____and _____of the radiopharmaceutical in the body
A

used to detect the distribution of the radiopharmaceuticals

  • radiation inside strikes a crystal inside the camera, producing light, which exposes the xray film
  • resulting image demonstrates the location and concentration of the radiopharmaceutical in the body
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6
Q

patient positions

A

usually SUPINE

- sometimes OBLique

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7
Q

exposure rate is the same as what type of xray?

A

chest

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8
Q

WHo radiates?

A

patient not a machine

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9
Q

initial in techs name

A

RT(N)

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10
Q

radiation dose to the patient is determined by (5)

A

amount of radionuclide administered

  • life span( physical half life)
  • its energy
  • how long it is retained in the body ( biological half life)
  • which tissues concentrate it
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11
Q

concentration of radiopharmaceuticals depend on

A

blood supply to the tissues and physiological function of the tissues, can demonstrate function and anatomy

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12
Q

hotlab

A

where kits of pharmaceticals come from that the tech gets in the the morning

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13
Q

what determines the half life

A

radioisotope

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14
Q

radiopharm keep patients radioactive for?

A

3 days

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15
Q

Nuclear Med therapy

  • uses
  • tx
A 
radioactive Iodine (I-131)
- uses small amounts of radioactive material to treat and diagnose cancer and other medical conditions effecting the thyroid gland
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16
Q

radioimmunotherapy(RIT) used for

A

non-hodgkins lymphoma who do not respond to chemo

17
Q

Gallium Scan

A

done for detecting certain cancers and lymphoma

18
Q

Renogram and renal scan

  • eval
  • demonstrates
A

evaluates structures and function of the kidneys

- can demonstrate how efficienly the kidneys are working and whether or not a transplanted kidney is being rejected

19
Q

renogram function (3)

A
  • analyze native and transplant kidney function
  • evaluate for hypertension related to the kidney arteries
  • evaluate and follow up urinary reflux in pediatric patients
20
Q

heart NM(4)

A
  • visualize heart blood flow and function ( myocardial perfusion scan)
  • detect coronary artery disease and extent of cornonary stenosis
  • assess damage to the heart following heart attack
  • evaluate treatment options such as bypass heart surgery and angioplasty
  • detect heart transplant rejection
  • evaluate heart function before and after chemo ( MUGA Scan)
21
Q

LUNG perfusion and ventialation

A
  • scans lungs for respiratory and blood flow problems
  • assess differential lung function for lung reduction or transplant surgery
  • detect lung transplant rejection
22
Q

VQ Scan

A

shows pulmonary emboli, if patient cant have CT contrast

23
Q

bone scans
- substance? Introduced?

  • evaluates?
A
  • technetium 99-M injected intravenously
  • evaluate bones for fractures ( new and old), infections, arthritis
  • evaluate metastic bone disease
24
Q

Brain NM(3)

A
  • investigate abnormalities in the brain such as seizures, memory loss, abnormalties in blood flow
  • detect early onset of neurological disorders such as alzheimers ( cant cure)
  • eval post concussion syndrome
25
Q

radiotaged white blood cell study

A

identifies area of infection or abscess

26
Q

gastrointestional bleeding exam

A

determines If patient has intestinal bleeding

27
Q

thyroid uptake and scan

  • what
  • take?
A

evaluates function of thyroid and suspicious lumps within the thyroid
- sodium iodide take orally

28
Q

SPEC(1980’s)- single photon emission computerized tomography(4)

produces cross sectiaonl images like CT

  • pictures are ____through the organ
  • permits visualization of defects deep within the tissue and allows detection of small defects that could be missed on classic single plane images
  • used in [3] scans
A

produces cross sectiaonl images like CT

  • pictures are slices through the organ
  • permits visualization of defects depp within the tissue and allows detection of small defects that could be missed on classic single plane images
  • used in cardiac scans, tumor imaging, and some bone scans
29
Q

PET: Positron Emission Tomography

A

3d tomographic image technique capable of demonstrating the biochemical function of the bodys organs and tissues

From Flashcardlet (57 decks)

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