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Gross Anatomy III > Oral Cavity and Pharynx > Flashcards

Oral Cavity and Pharynx Flashcards

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1
Q

How many deciduous (primary) teeth do we have?
How many permanent (secondary) teeth?

A

20 deciduous
32 permanent

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2
Q

What are the tissue layers of the teeth?

A
  • Enamel
  • Dentine
  • Pulp
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3
Q

What are the anatomical parts of the teeth?

A
  • Crown
  • Neck
  • Root
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4
Q

What are the parts of the tongue?

A
  • Root
  • Body
  • Apex
  • Dorsum of tongue
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5
Q

The root of the tongue is attached to…

A

mandible and hyoid

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6
Q

Name five structures of the dorsum of tongue

A
  1. Sulcus terminalis (terminal sulcus)
  2. Circumvallate (vallate) papillae
  3. Filiform papillae
  4. Fungiform papillae
  5. Lingual tonsil
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7
Q

What is the function of intrinsic tongue muscles?

A

Alter the shape of the tongue

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8
Q

What is the function of extrinsic tongue muscles?

A

Alter the position of the tongue

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9
Q

What is the sensory innervation of the tongue?

A

Lingual nerve (V3) and glossopharyngeal

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10
Q

What provides taste innervation to the tongue?

A

Chorda tympani (VII) and glossopharyngeal

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11
Q

What is the motor innervation of the tongue muscles?

A

Hypoglossal except one is vagus

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12
Q

What are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A
  • Genioglossus
  • Hyoglossus
  • Styloglossus
  • Palatoglossus
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13
Q

Which tongue muscles depress the tongue?

A

Genioglossus and hyoglossus

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14
Q

Which tongue muscle works with genioglossus to form a central trough during swallowing?

A

Styloglossus

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15
Q

Which tongue muscle most commonly acts to constrict the space between oral cavity and oropharynx?

A

Palatoglossus

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16
Q

What are the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A
  • Superior longitudinal
  • Inferior longitudinal
  • Transverse
  • Vertical
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17
Q

Which muscles shorten/retrude the tongue?

A

Superior and inferior longitudinal

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18
Q

Which tongue muscle curls the tongue longitudinally upward, elevating the apex and sides of the tongue?

A

Superior longitudinal

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19
Q

Which tongue muscle curls the tongue longitudinally downward, depressing the apex?

A

Inferior longitudinal

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20
Q

Which tongue muscle narrows and elongates (protrudes) the tongue?

A

Transverse

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21
Q

Which tongue muscle flattens and broadens the tongue?

A

Vertical

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22
Q

What structures make up the hard palate?

A
  • Palatine process of maxilla
  • Horizontal plate of palatine bone
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23
Q

What are fauces?

A

Space between oral cavity and pharynx

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24
Q

The uvula and root of tongue are part of which palate?

A

Soft palate

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25
What are the soft palate muscles?
* Tensor veli palatini * Levator veli palatini * Palatoglossus * Palatopharyngeus * Musculus uvulae
26
What innervates tensor veli palatini?
Medial pterygoid nerve (branch of mandibular nerve CN V3) via otic ganglion
27
What innervates levator veli palatini?
Pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve (CN X) via pharyngeal plexus
28
What innervates palatoglossus?
Pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve (CN X) via pharyngeal plexus
29
What innervates palatopharyngeus?
Pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve (CN X) via pharyngeal plexus
30
What innervates musculus uvulae?
Pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve (CN X) via pharyngeal plexus
31
Which muscle tenses the soft palate and opens mouth of pharyngotympanic tube during swallowing and yawning?
Tensor veli palatini
32
Which muscle elevates soft palate during swallowing and yawning?
Levator veli palatini
33
Which muscle elevates posterior part of tongue and draws soft palate onto tongue?
Palatoglossus
34
Which muscle tenses soft palate and pulls walls of pharynx superiorly, anteriorly, and medially during swallowing?
Palatopharyngeus
35
Which muscle shortens uvula and pulls it superiorly?
Musculus uvulae
36
What are the salivary glands?
* Parotid glands * Submandibular glands * Sublingual glands
37
What are the functions of saliva?
* Maintains moist environment for oral mucosa * Lubrication during chewing * Digestion break down of starches * Prevention of tooth decay/maintenance of biofilm
38
Where are sublingual glands?
Floor of oral cavity between mandible and genioglossus
39
Secretions from the sublingual gland flow through...
several ducts in sublingual folds
40
What is the blood supply of sublingual glands?
Sublingual and submental arteries
41
What is the innervation of sublingual glands?
Presynaptic parasympathetic secretomotor fibers from facial, chorda tympani, and lingual nerves that synapse in submandibular ganglion
42
What are the three parts of the pharynx?
* Nasopharynx * Oropharynx * Laryngopharynx
43
Where is the pharynx?
Extends from cranial base to inferior border of cricoid cartilage/inferior border of C6 Connects with esophagus
44
What are choanae?
Paired openings between nasal cavity and pharynx
45
Pharyngeal tonsils are found in what part of the pharynx?
Nasopharynx
46
Which part of the pharynx contains the pharyngotympanic tube/auditory tube?
Nasopharynx
47
Which part of the pharynx contains torus tubarus (torus of pharyngotympanic tube)?
Nasopharynx
48
What folds are found by the pharyngotympanic tube?
Salpingopharyngeal fold/salpingopharyngeus
49
Which part of the pharynx has the pharyngeal recess?
Nasopharynx
50
Which part of the pharynx contains the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches/folds?
Oropharynx
51
What nerve can be found in the tonsillar bed?
Glossopharyngeal nerve
52
The tonsillar bed of the oropharynx contains which tonsils?
Palatine tonsils
53
Describe voluntary deglutition
Bolus against palate pushed into oropharynx by muscles of tongue and soft palate
54
Describe involuntary and rapid deglutition
Soft palate is elevated Pharynx widens and shortens elevating the larynx (suprahyoid muscles and longitudinal pharyngeal muscles)
55
Describe involuntary deglutition
Pharyngeal constrictors sequentially contract to force bolus inferiorly to esophagus
56
Where is laryngopharynx in relation to the spine?
Area of C4-C6 bodies
57
The laryngopharynx communicates with larynx through...
laryngeal inlet
58
What is the piriform recess? What does it contain?
Depression on either side of laryngeal inlet Contains internal laryngeal nerve
59
What are the circular external pharyngeal muscles?
Superior, middle, and inferior pharyngeal constrictors
60
What are the longitudinal internal pharyngeal muscles?
* Palatopharyngeus * Salpingopharyngeus * Stylopharyngeus
61
What is the innervation of superior pharyngeal constrictor?
Pharyngeal branch of vagus (CN X) and pharyngeal plexus
62
What is the innervation of middle and inferior pharyngeal constrictors?
Pharyngeal branch of vagus (CN X) and pharyngeal plexus, plus branches of external and recurrent laryngeal nerves of vagus
63
What are the main actions of the circular external pharyngeal muscles?
Constrict walls of pharynx during swallowing
64
What is the innervation of palatopharyngeus and salpingopharyngeus?
Pharyngeal branch of vagus (CN X) and pharyngeal plexus
65
What is the innervation of stylopharyngeus?
Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
66
What are the main actions of the longitudinal internal pharyngeal muscles?
Elevate (shorten and widen) pharynx and larynx during swallowing and speaking
67
What is pharyngobasilar fascia?
Internal fascia of pharynx
68
What is buccopharyngeal fascia?
External fascia of pharynx blends with pretracheal fascia
69
What separates superior and middle pharyngeal constrictors?
Stylopharyngeus and glossopharyngeal nerve
70
What separates middle and inferior pharyngeal constrictors?
Internal laryngeal nerve and superior laryngeal artery
71
Stylopharyngeus and glossopharyngeal nerve separate...
superior and middle pharyngeal constrictors
72
Internal laryngeal nerve and superior laryngeal artery separate...
middle and inferior pharyngeal constrictors
73
Pterygomandibular raphe separates...
buccinator and superior pharyngeal constrictor
74
What separates buccinator and superior pharyngeal constrictor?
Pterygomandibular raphe

Gross Anatomy III (19 decks)

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