Oral Motor Dysfunction

Question 1

Pre-oral Stage

Answer 1

person engages in food set up
visual and olfactory awareness of food
brings food to mouth

Question 2

Oral-Preparatory Phase

Answer 2

demonstrates ability to open mouth
muscles are used to make bolus
solt palate rests on tongue to prevent bolus from moving into pharynx

Question 3

Oral Stage

Answer 3

Lips, buccal muscles, and tongue propel the bolus into the pharynx

Question 4

Pharyngeal Phase

Answer 4

larynx rises to protect airway
soft-palate rises to close off nasal cavity
Peristaltic waves propel food through the pharynx

Question 5

Esophageal Stage

Answer 5

propulsion of the bolus through the esophagus
relaxation of lower sphincter to allow bolus into stomach

Question 6

Jaw Jerk/ Phasic Bite Reflex

Answer 6

Stimulus: center of mandible is firmly tapped one to two times
Impact on function: allows for jaw movements needed in feeding
pathological/beyond typical age: reflexive jaw opening and closure

Question 7

Bite Reflex/ Tonic Bite Reflex

Answer 7

Stimulus: tongue depressor placed lightly between upper and lower teeth
Impact on function: when present, the individual Is unable to chew food, use of utensils is difficult as it can trigger a bite reflex
pathological/beyond typical age: strong closure of mouth, difficulty releasing objects placed in mouth

Question 8

What is Direct therapy vs indirect therapy for oral motor dysfunction

Answer 8

Direct= utilization of bolus
Indirect= no use of bolus

Question 9

Postural interventions to increase swallowing

Answer 9

chin tuck
foward head tilt
head turn

Question 10

Swallowing Adaptations

Answer 10

Supraglottic swallow voluntarily close/protect the airway
Mendelsohn’s = prolonging the rise of the larynx by prolonging tongue contraction

Question 11

Indirect Oral Motor Interventions

Answer 11

chilled dental mirror to elicit swallow reflex
strengthening, facilitating and increasing coordination of oral movements
positioning to maintain the trunk, head, and neck