Organs Detailed

Question 1

Stomach

Answer 1

storage via Rugae
food digested to chyme
physical breakdown by muscularis externa and HCl
pepsin for chemical breakdown (esp proteins)

Question 2

Pyloric Sphincter

Answer 2

regulates movement of chyme from stomach to SI

Question 3

Mucosa of Stomach

Answer 3

contains gastric pits that contain gastric glands

Question 4

Mucous Surface Cells

Answer 4

Secrete mucus

Question 5

Mucous Neck Cells

Answer 5

line upper walls (neck) of ducts

secrete mucus

Question 6

Parietal Cells

Answer 6

secrete HCL and intrinsic factor

Question 7

Chief Cells

Answer 7

secrete pepsinogen and gastric lipase

Question 8

Enteroendocrine Cells

Answer 8

secrete hormones that diffuse into blood vessels

Gastrin- stims other glands to increase output

Question 9

Left Gastric Artery

Answer 9

supplies esophagus and stomach

from Celiac Trunk

Question 10

Splenic Artery

Answer 10

supplies pancreas, stomach, spleen, greater omentum

from Celiac Trunk

Question 11

Common Hepatic Artery

Answer 11

splits into proper hepatic and gastroduodenal artery

Question 12

Proper Hepatic Artery

Answer 12

Supplies gallbladder via cystic artery

Splits into R and L Hepatic

Question 13

Gastroduodenal Artery

Answer 13

Supplies pancreas, stomach, greater omentum, duodenum

Question 14

Drainage into Hepatic Portal Vein

Answer 14

Superior Mesenteric- from stomach, SI, LI
Splenic- stomach, spleen, pancreas
Inferior Mesenteric- LI, rectum
L+R Gastric- stomach
Cystic- gall bladder

Question 15

Hepatic Portal Vein

Answer 15

delivers deoxygenated, nutrient rich blood to liver

Question 16

Proper Hepatic Artery

Answer 16

delivers oxygenated blood to liver

Question 17

Sinusoids of Liver

Answer 17

blood capillaries of liver

contain Kupffer’s cells- phagocytic

Question 18

Bile

Answer 18

made in liver and stored in gallbladder
alkaline
consists of bile salts, pigments, phospholipids, cholesterol, ions

Question 19

Bilirubin

Answer 19

primary bile pigment

if not broken down in intestine and reabsorbed- jaundice

Question 20

Major Duodenal Papilla

Answer 20

contains opening of hepatopancreatic ampulla

Question 21

Minor Duodenal Papilla

Answer 21

contains opening of accessory pancreatic duct

Question 22

J vs I Arcades of Mesentery

Answer 22

J- 1-2

I- 3+

Question 23

J vs I Vasa Recta of Mesentery

Answer 23

J- Long

I- Short

Question 24

J vs I Circular Folds

Answer 24

J- large and many

I- few and small

Question 25

Peyer's Patches

Answer 25

Lymphatic nodules in the mucosa and submucosa of the ileum

Question 26

Brunner's Glands

Answer 26

secrete mucus | in submucosa of duodenum

Question 27

Acini

Answer 27

exocrine cells of the pancreas | make digestive enzymes that go into GI Tract

Question 28

Acini associated cells

Answer 28

make sodium bicarbonate that makes fluid alkaline

Question 29

Hepatopancreatic Ampulla

Answer 29

combined duct of main pancreatic and common bile ducts | enters duodenum as major duodenal papilla

Question 30

Accessory Pancreatic Duct

Answer 30

enters duodenum at minor duodenal papilla

Question 31

Appendix

Answer 31

lots of lymphatic nodules | -in lamina propria of mucosa; some in submucosa

Question 32

Superior Mesenteric Artery

Answer 32

branches from aorta supplies pancreas head, distal duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, proximal 2/3 of transverse colon

Question 33

Inferior Pancreaticoduodenal Artery

Answer 33

from superior mesenteric a | supplies head of pancreas and distal duodenum

Question 34

Middle Colic Artery

Answer 34

from superior mesenteric a | supplies proximal 2/3 of transverse colon

Question 35

Right Colic Artery

Answer 35

from superior mesenteric a | supplies ascending colon and beginning of transverse colon

Question 36

Ileocolic Artery

Answer 36

from superior mesenteric a | supplies terminal ileum, cecum, appendix, beginning of ascending colon

Question 37

Intestinal (Jejunal and Ileal) Arteries

Answer 37

from superior mesenteric a | form arterial arcades that form straight arteries that supply intestinal wall

Question 38

Inferior Mesenteric Artery

Answer 38

From Aorta | supplies distal 1/3 of transverse colon, sigmoid, rectum, upper half of anal canal

Question 39

Left Colic Artery

Answer 39

from Inferior mesenteric a | supplies distal 1/3 of transverse colon and descending colon

Question 40

Sigmoid Arteries

Answer 40

from Inferior mesenteric a | supplies sigmoid colon

Question 41

Superior Rectal Artery

Answer 41

from Inferior mesenteric a | Supplies rectum and upper half of anal canal