Osteoporosis Flashcards
(16 cards)
What is osteoporosis?
A progressive bone disease
Osteoporosis leads to decreased bone density and increased fracture risk.
Who is commonly affected by osteoporosis?
People taking corticosteroids
Corticosteroids can negatively impact bone density.
What does osteoporosis increase the risk of?
Fractures
Fractures can occur even with minimal trauma in individuals with osteoporosis.
List some risks of developing osteoporosis.
- Men over 50
- Long-term corticosteroid use
- Vitamin D deficiency
- Low calcium intake
These factors contribute to bone density loss.
What lifestyle changes can help manage osteoporosis?
- Stopping smoking
- Increasing physical activity
- Improving bone health
Healthy lifestyle choices can enhance bone density and overall health.
What medications are used for postmenopausal osteoporosis?
- Oral biphosphonates (alendronic acid, risendronate)
- Ibandronic acid
- Denosumab
- Raloxifene
- Strontium
These medications help manage bone density in postmenopausal women.
What is HRT and when is it used for osteoporosis?
Hormone Replacement Therapy is an alternative for younger postmenopausal women with menopausal osteoporosis
HRT is considered for women at high risk of fractures and with menopausal symptoms.
What are the risks associated with HRT in older women?
CVD and cancer
HRT may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and certain cancers in older populations.
What is Tibolone and who can use it?
An option for younger women
Tibolone is a synthetic steroid that can help manage menopausal symptoms and osteoporosis.
What are the first-line treatments for osteoporosis in men?
Oral biphosphonates (alendronic acid, risendronate)
These medications are recommended to help increase bone density in men.
What are the contraindications for alendronic acid?
- Three pro-vascular diseases
- VTE
- Hypertension
- Heart disease
These conditions may worsen with the use of alendronic acid.
How should alendronic acid be taken?
On an empty stomach 30 minutes before meals
It should not be chewed or crushed to ensure proper absorption.
What should a patient do after taking alendronic acid?
Sit upright for 30 minutes
This minimizes the risk of esophageal reactions like dysphagia and heartburn.
What are the MHRA warnings associated with alendronic acid and risendronate?
- Atypical femoral fracture
- Necrosis of the jaw
- Necrosis of the ear
These warnings highlight serious risks associated with these medications.
What is the recommended dose of alendronic acid for postmenopausal osteoporosis?
10 mg daily or 70 mg once weekly
Dosing may vary based on individual patient needs.
What is the dose of alendronic acid for men?
10 mg daily
The dosage is the same as for postmenopausal women.
