P33 - Alimentary Part 2

Question 1

dental lamina proliferates into 3 embryonic structures

Answer 1

• enamel organ
• dental papilla
• dental follicle

Question 2

enamel organ gives rise to ____ which is produced by ____

Answer 2

• enamel

- ameloblasts

Question 3

dental pulp formed from _____ tissue enclosed by __-___ dental lamina

Answer 3

• mesenchymal

- cup-shaped

Question 4

dentin formed by _____ which continuously renew dentin matrix throughout life of tooth

Answer 4

• odontoblasts

Question 5

dental follicle gives rise to cells that produce

Answer 5

• cementum (cementoblasts)
• bony sockets (osteoblasts)
• periodontal ligament (fibroblasts)

Question 6

malocclusions are

Answer 6

• congenital malformations of the mandible/maxilla

- failure of upper and lower incisors to oppose due to abnormal jaw conformation

Question 7

malocclusions are common in what breeds

Answer 7

• brachycephalic breeds

Question 8

prognathism

Answer 8

• protrusion of mandible (underbite)

Question 9

brachygnathism

Answer 9

• shortening of mandible (overbite)

Question 10

malocclusions of teeth in rodents and rabbits may lead to

Answer 10

• locked jaw

- ingrown teeth

Question 11

tooth agenesis

Answer 11

• tooth fails to develop

Question 12

anodontia

Answer 12

• no teeth

Question 13

oligodontia

Answer 13

• too few teeth

Question 14

supernumerary tooth

Answer 14

• extra tooth develops

Question 15

polyodontia

Answer 15

• too many teeth

Question 16

dentigerous cyst

Answer 16

• results from dental dysgenesis

Question 17

viral infection of ameloblasts most commonly by

Answer 17

• canine distemper virus

Question 18

segmental enamel hypoplasia is a viral infection of

Answer 18

• ameloblasts

Question 19

segmental enamel hypoplasia infection must occur before

Answer 19

• enamel formation is completed

- before 6 months of age

Question 20

feline external resorptive neck lesions also known as

Answer 20

• feline odontoclastic resorptive lesions

Question 21

feline external resorptive neck lesions caused by

Answer 21

• ondotoclastic resorption of cementum at neck area and root
• reabsorb minerals from tooth

Question 22

feline external resorptive neck lesions result in

Answer 22

• external neck cavities (caries) -> secondarily harbor bacterial plaques that result in further decay and inflammation

Question 23

periodontal disease is damage to

Answer 23

• periodontal ligament

Question 24

dental plaques leads to

Answer 24

• atrophy and inflammation of adjacent gingiva

Question 25

pathogenesis of periodontal disease

Answer 25

- bacteria produced acids, enzymes and toxins that damage enamel substrate (cavities) - destroy adjacent gingiva (gingivitis) and periodontal ligament (periodontal disease) resulting in loosening of tooth and eventual loss

Question 26

periodontal disease has similar pathogenesis as

Answer 26

- CUPS

Question 27

infundibular impaction important disease of what species

Answer 27

- ruminants

Question 28

feed impacted into _____ ____ encourages bacterial growth

Answer 28

- infundibular cups

Question 29

damage of infundibulum leads to exposure and infection of

Answer 29

- pulp cavity -> infection leads to tooth root abscess and fistulous tracts that may rupture into paranasal sinuses (suppurative exudate)

Question 30

dental neoplasia (3)

Answer 30

- peripheral odontogenic fibroma (POF) - ameloblastoma - odontoma

Question 31

peripheral odontogenic fibroma (POF) arises from

Answer 31

- periodontal ligament and dental mesenchyme

Question 32

ameloblastoma arises from

Answer 32

- structures of dental lamina

Question 33

ameloblastoma tumors tend to be

Answer 33

- large tumors that are slowly invasive and locally destructive and osteolytic (lysis of bone)

Question 34

odontoma originate from

Answer 34

- enamel organ

Question 35

common types of tonsillar neoplasia (2)

Answer 35

- lymphosarcoma (bilateral) | - squamous cell carcinoma (unilateral)

Question 36

sialadenitis

Answer 36

- inflammation of salivary gland | - rabies and distemper can cause

Question 37

ranula

Answer 37

- salivary mucocele | - cystic saliva-filled distention of salivary duct

Question 38

actinobacillosis also known as

Answer 38

- wooden tongue

Question 39

opportunistic invader of actinobacillus lignieresii causes

Answer 39

- chronic granulomatous glossitis with fibrosis that leads to tongue enlargement and reduced lingual mobility

Question 40

candidiasis also known as

Answer 40

- thrush

Question 41

candidiasis caused by

Answer 41

- overgrowth of candida albicans

Question 42

candidiasis occurs secondarily to underlying

Answer 42

- immunosuppressive condition

Question 43

uremic glossitis is tissue damage caused by 2 mechanisms

Answer 43

- uremic vasculopathy (endothelial injury) | - uremic toxicity (ammonia)

Question 44

achalasia

Answer 44

- congenital neurogenic disorder causing reduced esophageal motility

Question 45

achalasis occurs most often in what breeds

Answer 45

- terriers - cocker spaniels - miniature poodles

Question 46

achalasis clinical signs (5)

Answer 46

- dysphagia - gagging - choking - regurgitation - aspiration pneumonia

Question 47

megaesophagus

Answer 47

- dilation of esophagus due to insufficient, absent or uncontrolled peristalsis

Question 48

megaesophagus recognized clinically by

Answer 48

- regurgitation of solid food

Question 49

megaesohpagus may predispose to

Answer 49

- aspiration pneumonia

Question 50

hiatal hernia is protrusion of

Answer 50

- abdominal esophagus and cardia of stomach through diaphragm into thoracic cavity

Question 51

hiatal hernia may result in

Answer 51

- intermittent regurgitation or gastroesophageal intussusception

Question 52

spirocerca lupi form ____ adjacent to esophagus

Answer 52

- granuloma

Question 53

equine idiopathic esophageal muscular hypertrophy effect on esophagus

Answer 53

- thickened of distal esophageal smooth muscle

Question 54

chronic cases of acid reflux esophagitis can lead to

Answer 54

- erosion - ulceration - mucosal hyperplasia

Question 55

acid reflux esophagitis may predispose to

Answer 55

- esophageal squamous cell carcinoma