P10 - Inflammation Part 5 Flashcards
information included in morphological diagnosis (6)
- severity
- duration
- distribution
- exudate
- tissue
- nature of lesion
severity classifications (3)
- mild
- moderate
- severe
duration classifications (4)
- peracute
- acute
- subacute
- chronic
distribution classifications (4)
- focal
- multifocal
- locally extensive
- diffuse
on little area is affected
- focal
multiple areas all over are affected
- multifocal
lesions are contained to a portion
- locally extensive
when everything is involved in the lesion
- diffuse
types of exudate
- serous
- serohemorrhagic
- catarrhal/mucoid
- fibrinous
- purulent
- granulomatous
- lymphoplasmaytic
beneficial effects of inflammation (3)
- fluid
- cells
- chemical mediators
benefits of fluid in inflammation (3)
- dilutes toxic effects
- brings in nutrients and oxygen
- acts as medium
benefits of cells in inflammation (3)
- phagocytosis
- secrete lytic factors, Ab, opsonins
- secrete interleukin, chemokines and pro-inflammatory mediators
benefits of chemical mediators in inflammation (3)
- triggers redundant process to promote and limit inflammation
- fibrinogen converted to fibrin to localize inflammation
- complement neutralizes pathogens
systemic effects of inflammation (2)
- leukocytosis
- fever
harmful effects of inflammation (3)
- normal cells and tissues can be destroyed
- hematologic effects
- hypersensitivity disease
normal cells and tissues can be destroyed because of inflammation by
- enzymes (proteases, esterases, nucleases)
- reactive oxygen metabolites
hematologic effects because of inflammation
- disseminated intravascular coagulopathy
- thrombosis and severe swelling of tissue -> ischemia
categories of hypersensitivities (4)
- Type I - IgE
- Type II - cytotoxic antibodies
- Type III - antibody/antigen complexes
- Type IV - cytotoxic cell-mediated
Name the hypersensitivity:
- environmental and food antigens cause immediate and sometimes persistent release of inflammatory mediators
- patient has to be sensitized to agent first
- Type I - IgE mediated
Name the hypersensitivity:
- antibodies are formed antigens on body’s own cell or tissues which results in complement and cellular responses
- immune mediated thrombocytopenia or hemolytica
- Type II - cytotoxic antibodies
name the hypersensitivity:
- excessive formation fo antigen-antibody complexes and other factors
- within blood stream -> get lodged into places that they shouldn’t
- Type III - antibody-antigen complexes
name the hypersensitivity:
- cytotoxic T-lymphocytes hypersensitized to a specific antigen resulting in cell lysis, cytokine release and tissue destruction
- Type IV - cytotoxic cell-mediated
