P9 - Inflammation Part 4

Question 1

exudate is part of

Answer 1

• active part of inflammation

Question 2

exudate components (3)

Answer 2

• fluid component
• cellular component
• chemical component

Question 3

fluid component of exudate

Answer 3

• medium for cells, nutrients and other factors

Question 4

cellular component of exudate

Answer 4

• granulocytes and mononuclear cells

Question 5

chemical component of exudate

Answer 5

• factors that drive and regulate inflammation

Question 6

transudate is part of

Answer 6

• passive congestion

Question 7

transudate and exudate effect on vascular permeability

Answer 7

• exudate -> increased

- transudate -> no change

Question 8

transudate and exudate protein content

Answer 8

• transudate - low

- exudate - 2.5-3

Question 9

transudate and exudate cells

Answer 9

• transudate - rare cells present

- exudate - high number of inflammatory cells

Question 10

exudate categorized based on timeframe

Answer 10

• acute ( <10 days)

- chronic ( >10 days)

Question 11

types of acute exudate (5)

Answer 11

• serous
• serohemorrhagic
• fibrinous
• catarrhal
• purulent

Question 12

types of chronic exudate (2)

Answer 12

• granulomatous

- lymphoplasmacytic

Question 13

exudate that is composed of blood plasma with very few cells

• often seen in cavities, skin, lungs and mucosal surfaces
• high in protein
• changes in vascular permeability
• very few inflammatory cells

Answer 13

serous

Question 14

exudate that is a result of vascular damage or widespread diapedesis that red tinged

Answer 14

serohemorrhagic

Question 15

benefit of serous and serohemorrhagic exudate (2)

Answer 15

• dilute bacteria

- increase nutrients that tissue needs

Question 16

cost of serous and serohemorrhagic exudate

Answer 16

• problematic when fills cavities on in respiratory tract

Question 17

fibrinogen escapes vasculature and is converted to

Answer 17

• fibrin

Question 18

pseudomembrane associate with fibrinous exudate

Answer 18

• mat of fibrin that can be pulled off

- epithelium stay in tact

Question 19

diphtheritic membrane associated with fibrinous exudate

Answer 19

• pulling off mat results in ulceration

- epithelium is pulled off

Question 20

fibrin cast associated with fibrinous exudate

Answer 20

• fibrin discharged from organ as single hard structure

Question 21

benefit of fibrinous exudate

Answer 21

• layer of protection

- pathogen entrapment

Question 22

cost of fibrinous exudate

Answer 22

• impede absorption

- can form adhesions restricting function and movement of organs

Question 23

prolonged fibrinous exudate becomes framework for

Answer 23

fibrous connective tissue

- cannot be pulled off

Question 24

exudate that is mucous cell hyperplasia

Answer 24

catarrhal

Question 25

benefit of catarrhal exudate

Answer 25

- immunity (entraps bacteria and pathogens) - protect mucosal surface from damage - contains inflammatory factors and flushes foreign material

Question 26

cost of catarrhal exudate

Answer 26

- can be hard to clear

Question 27

neutrophilic exudate

Answer 27

purulent

Question 28

empyema

Answer 28

- pus filled body cavities

Question 29

type of necrosis associated with purulent exudate

Answer 29

- liquefactive

Question 30

benefit of purulent exudate

Answer 30

- highly effective | - non-specific method of neutralizing many etiologies

Question 31

costs of purulent exudate

Answer 31

- can cause passive destruction of host tissue

Question 32

exudate that is predominately epitheloid macrophages with fewer lympocytes and plasma cells

Answer 32

- granulomatous

Question 33

gross appearance of granulomatous exudate

Answer 33

- enlarged - firm - pale

Question 34

granuloma

Answer 34

- type of granulomatous inflammation | - distinct aggregates of macrophages that wall off inciting cause

Question 35

benefit of granulomatous exudate

Answer 35

- robust mechanism to eliminate or sequester inciting cause

Question 36

cost of granulomatous exudate

Answer 36

- body is beginning to concede that containment may be best option

Question 37

exudate with mix of lymphocytes and plasma cells often in typical areas

Answer 37

- lymphoplasmactic

Question 38

benefit of lymphoplasmactic exudate

Answer 38

- inclusion of adaptive immunity in inflammatory response

Question 39

cost of lymphoplasmactic exudate

Answer 39

- extensive inflammatory infiltrates likely contribute to organ dysfunction

Question 40

mixed inflammatory infiltrates

Answer 40

- dynamic and continuous | - more than 1 inflammatory process may be occurring