Parasitology part 2 Flashcards
(142 cards)
1
Q
Hermaphroditic, or monoecious (no separate sexes). they obtain nutrition through integument, with microtriches
A
Cestodes or tapeworms
2
Q
anterior end of the body; muscular organ for attachment
“hold fast”
A
scolex
3
Q
projection at the apex of the scolex armed with hooks or spines
A
Rostellum
4
Q
Behind the scolex; unsegmented; region of growth where strobilation begins
A
Neck
5
Q
chain of segments (proglottids)
A
Strobila
6
Q
contains non-fully developed reproductive organs
A
immature segment
7
Q
contains at least one set of fully developed reproductive organs
A
Mature segment
8
Q
filled with eggs
other reproductive organs have atrophied
uterus remain
A
Gravid segment
9
Q
proglottid detaches from the body to release eggs
A
apolysis
10
Q
Fish tapeworm or Broad tapeworm
A
Diphyllobothrium latum
11
Q
Uterus rosette shape
A
D. latum
12
Q
Ova: abundant yolk granules, small knob at abopercular end
A
D. latum
13
Q
Pork tapeworm
A
Taenia solium
14
Q
Rostellum with double crown of 25-30 hooks
A
T. solium
15
Q
Uterus has 7-15 lateral branches
A
T. solium
16
Q
Cystic larvae of T. solium
A
Cysticercus bovis
17
Q
IH of D. latum
A
1st: copepods
2nd: fish
18
Q
IH of T. solium
A
Swine
19
Q
Beef tapeworm
A
Taenia saginata
20
Q
uterus has 15-30 lateral branches
A
T. saginata
21
Q
Cystic larvae of T. saginata
A
Cysticercus cellulosae
22
Q
Dwarf tapeworm
A
Hymenolepis nana
23
Q
Short, invaginated rostellum with single row of 20 -30 hooks
A
H. nana
24
Q
ova has 2 polar thickenings where 4-8 filaments arise
A
H. nana
25
IH of H. nana
Grain beetles, rat flea
26
Rat tapeworm
Hymenolepis diminuta
27
RUdimentary rostellum without hooks
H. diminuta
28
ova has 2 polar thickenings where NO filaments arise
H. diminuta
29
Dog and cat tapeworm
Dipylidium caninum
30
Scolex is conical refractile with 1-7 circlets of hooks
Dipylidium caninum
31
Proglottid is vase-, barrel-, cucumber seed-, pumpkin seed- shaped with compartmented egg clusters
D. caninum
32
Genital pore is bilateral or double pored
D. caninum
33
ova has 8-12 eggs enclosed in a membranous capsule
D. caninum
34
hydatid tapeworm
Echinococcus granulosus
35
Scolex has rostellum with double crown of 30 - 36 hooks
E. granulosus
36
IH of E. granulosus
Sheep
37
MOT of D. latum
Ingestion of plerocercoid (sparganum) on flesh of infected fish
38
Causes megaloblastic anemia (Vit. B12)
D. latum
39
Eggs confused with Paragonimus eggs
D. latum
40
1st IH or Spirometra mansoni
Copepods
41
2nd IH of Spirometra mansoni
Frogs, snakes
42
Incidental host of Spirometra mansoni
Man
43
DH of Spirometra mansoni
Dogs and cats
44
Causes extraintestinal infection in the eyes, thorax, abdomen
Spirometra mansoni
45
Adult worms are mistaken for adult D. latum
Spirometra mansoni
46
Beef tapeworm
Taenia saginata
47
Eggs confused with pollen grains
Taenia eggs
48
DS of T. saginata
Eggs or proglottid
49
IS of T. saginata
Larva
50
Pork tapeworm
Taenia solium
51
Causes cysticercosis
Taenia solium
52
Dwarf tapeworm
Hymenolepis nana
53
Smallest intestinal cestode
H. nana
54
MOT of H. nana
Ingestion of cysticercoid in infected rat flea
55
IH of H. nana
Rat flea
56
DH of H. nana
Man
57
DS of H. nana
Embryonated egg
58
IS of H. nana
Larva
59
IH of H. diminuta
Arthropod
60
DH of H. diminuta
Rat
61
Gravid proglottids resemble rice grains (dry) or cucumber seeds (moist)
Dipylidium caninum
62
MOT of E.granulosus
Ingestion of egg
63
Filled with fluid containing brood capsules and protoscolices
Hydatid cyst
64
Diagnosis for E. granulosus
Casoni's intradermal test
65
IS of E. granulosus
Ingestion of eggs
66
Most commonly organ affected by E. granulosus
Liver
67
IH of Echinococcus multiocularis
Rodents (mice, voles)
68
DH of Echinococcus multiocularis
Foxes, wolves
69
Fluid-filled cyst which contains multiple scolices arising from germinal layer
Coenurus
70
Extraintestinal infection commonly in the brain, spinal cord, eyes
Multiceps spp
71
Unsegmented, leaf-like appearance
Trematodes
72
"Pierced with holes"
Trematos
73
Oral sucker
Acetabulum
74
Genital sucker
Gonotyl
75
No body cavity
Acoelomate
76
IH of heteroxenous trematodes
Snail
77
Excretory system of Trematodes has branching tubules ending up in ___
Flame cells
78
Functional unit for osmoregulation
Flame cells
79
Egg stages of flukes are operculated except
Blood flukes
80
Free swimming cilliated larval stage, pyriform in shape, has secretory glands--> enzymes for penetration of snail tissue
Miracidium
81
Saclike, serves as brood sac for the development and production of redia
Sporocysts
82
Daughter sporocysts
Redia
83
Free-swimming larval stage with a tail
Cercaria
84
Encysted cercaria
Metacercaria
85
Capable of producing operculated eggs
Adult
86
Habitat of liver flukes
Intrahepatic bile duct
87
MOT of liver flukes
Ingestion of encysted metacercaria in infected secondary host
88
Sheep liver fluke
Temperature fluke
Fasciola hepatica
89
Hen's egg with flat operculum
Fasciola hepatica
90
Adult: leaf-shaped with branched ceca, with shoulder
Fasciola hepatica
91
Tropical liver fluke
Fasciola gigantica
92
Oriental liver fluke
Chinese liver fluke
Clonorchis sinensis
93
E: old-fashioned electric bulb
Clonorchis sinensis
94
A: bottle-neck appearance
Clonorchis sinensis
95
Inflammation of the bile duct
Cholangitis
96
Inflammation of the gallbladder
Cholecystitis
97
Cancer of the bile duct
Cholangiocarcinoma
98
Car liver fluke
Southeast Asian liver fluke
Opisthorchis felineus and viverrini
99
Resembles Clonorchis sinensis but narrow and smaller. Egg is practically similar
Opisthorchis felineus and viverrini
100
Lancet liver fluke
Dicrocoelium dendriticum
101
E: asymmetrically ovoid with broad convex opeculum
Dicrocoelium dendriticum
102
A: lancet shaped
Testes obliquely anterior to ovary
Dicrocoelium dendriticum
103
Causes liver for
Halzoun
Fasciola hepatica
104
Causes hyperplasia of biliary epithelium
Dicrocoelium dendriticum
105
Habitat of intestinal flukes
Small intestine
106
Giant intestinal fluke
Largest fluke of man
Fasciolopsis buski
107
E: identical to F. hepatica but larger and with slightly convex operculum
A: elongate-ovoid with unbranched ceca, no shoulder
Fasciolopsis buski
108
Garrison's fluke
Echinostoma ilocanum
109
E: ovoid, straw colored with small operculum
A: attenuated at both ends; circumoral disk with horseshoe - shaped crown of 49-51 hooks
Echinostoma ilocanum
110
Von Seibold fluke
Dwarf intestinal fluke
Heterophyes heterophyes
111
Deadliest
Smallest fluke in man
Heterophyes heterophyes
112
E: indistinguishable with Metagonimus
A: pyriform, with fine, scaly spines
Heterophyes heterophyes
113
Yokogawai fluke
Metagonimus yokogawai
114
Oriental lung fluke
Paragonimus westermani
115
1st IH of P. westermani
Snail (Antemalania spp)
116
2nd IH of P. westermani
Crustaceans (Sundathelphusa philippina mountain crab)
117
Egg: asymmetrical with abopercular end which is generally thicker than the sides
A: when fresh, spoon-shaped. When preserved, coffee-bean shaped
Paragonimus westermani
118
Causes pulmonary granuloma formation, fibrosis.
Usually misdiagnosed as pulmonary tuberculosis and cerebral paragonimiasis
Paragonimus westermani
119
Fluke that penetrates skin lipids
Schistosoma spp
120
Cercaria without a tail
Schistosomule
121
Causes Bilharziasus
Schistosoma spp
122
Causes swimmer's itch, clam digger's itch, water itch
Schistosoma spp
123
Causes Katayama disease
Schistosoma spp
124
Causes ectopic granulomas (colon, liver, spleen, lungs)
Schistosoma spp
125
Causes urinary bladder cancer
Schistosoma haematobium
126
Most pathogenic and virulent Schistosoma spp
Schistosoma japonicum
127
Massive egg output (3000eggs/day)
Cerebral schistosomiasis
Schistosoma japonicum
128
Method of choice for definitive diagnosis of schistomiasis in PH
Circumoval precipitin test (COPT)
129
Oriental blood fluke
Schistosoma japonicum
130
Habitat of Schistosoma japonicum
Superior mesenteric venules (drains the SI)
131
Egg lateral knob (70-105 x 50-80um)
50- 100 eggs in uterus
Schistosoma japonicum
132
Adult female: central ovary
Male: smooth tegument, 6-8 testes
Schistosoma japonicum
133
Manson's blood fluke
Schistosoma mansoni
134
Habitat of Schistosoma mansoni
Inferior mesenteric venules (drains the LI)
135
Egg: lateral spine (140-180 x 45-70um)
1-4 eggs in uterus
Schistosoma mansoni
136
F: ovary in anterior half
M: coarsely tuberculated, 8-9 testes
Schistosoma mansoni
137
Vesical blood fluke
Schistosoma haematobium
138
Habitat of Schistosoma haematobium
Vesical plexus
139
Egg: terminal spine (112-170 x 40-70 um)
20-30 eggs in uterus
Schistosoma haematobium
140
F: ovary in posterior half
M: slightly tuberculated tegument, 4-5 testes
Schistosoma haematobium
141
Egg: oval, minute lateral spine or knob
Ova is smaller than japonicum
Schistosoma mekongi
142
Egg: elongate, terminal spine
Ova is larger than haematobium
Occurs primarily in the feces
Schistosoma intercalatum
