Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Molecular Immunology > Passive Immunotherapy > Flashcards

Passive Immunotherapy Flashcards

(61 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

_____ results from transfer of pre-formed immune components from one person to another

A

Passive Immunotherapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Passive Immunotherapy is easy to accomplish with ___ but hard to accomplish with ___

A

antibodies; immune cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

True or False: In passive immunotherapy, the recipient must undergo synthesis/metabolism to acquire protection

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Three examples of passive immunotherapy?

A

1) Toxin neutralization (TIG)
2) Prevent disease following exposure to a carrier (Rabies IgG)
3) Suppress or augment immune response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

True or False: Immune globulin can be used to treat autoimmune diseases

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Within immune globulins, there is a _____ fraction which contains all antibody reactivity. Due to this, it is termed the immune globulin.

A

Gamma globulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

_____ antibody results from immunization or recovery from infection

A

Polyclonal

aka: polyclonal activation of B cells (plasma cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What type of Ig is derived from MULTIPLE B cells and, therefore, represents an antibody against multiple epitopes?

A

Polyclonal Ig

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Sources of polyclonal antibody preps?

A

Sera, placentae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

True or False: Monoclonal antibody preps are usually lypophilized and reconstituted. Therefore, they are quite stable.

A

False - this is the case with polyclonal antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How can you increase IgG concentrates 25 fold in polyclonal antibody preps?

A

Ethanol precipitation or concentrated ammonium sulfate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

______ is a type of of immune globulin that is taken from more than 1,000 donors

A

Human Immune Globulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What Ig is mostly found in Human Immune Globulin?

A

IgG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

True or False: Human Immune Globulin is largely unstable but provides high level of Ab

A

False - it is stable and has high level of Ab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Three different preparations for Human Immune Globulin?

A

IMIG
SCIG
IVIG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

True or False: A patient with Guillian-Barre, M. gravis, or Kawasaki —inflammatory/autoimmune processes— will benefit from monoclonal antibodies

A

False - they will benefit from human immune globulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the two primary uses for human immune globulin?

A

1) Protect from infection
2) Suppressed inflammatory or autoimmune function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

A person who is immunocompromised develops measles. What post-exposure prophylactic can be used?

A

Human Immune Globulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Patient presents to clinic with hypogammaglobulinemia. What type of immune globulin can be given?

A

Human Immune Globulin
- note: this can also be used as prophylaxis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

In contract to Human Immune Globulin, ______(SHIG) is an antibody preparation in which donors are screened for higher titer of antibody against certain antigen/pathogen

A

Specific human immune globulin (SHIG)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Both specific human immune globulin and human immune globulin, antibody preparations, are screened.

In the prior, however, they are screened for _____ while the latter are screened for _____

A

human immune globulin = bloodborne pathogens or antibodies

specific human immune globulin = high titer of Ab against antigen/pathogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Examples of specific human immune globulin?

A

1) HBIG
2) HTIG
3) HRIG
4) DIG
5) VariZIG
6) RhoGAM
7) COVID-19 convalescent plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

For polyclonal antibodies, anti-sera usually comes from _____, such as a horse

A

heterologous species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

True or False: Scorpian, spider, and snake anti-venom are examples of MAB

A

False - they are a type of polyclonal antibody preparation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Contraindication for polyclonal antibody preps?
IgA deficiency - risk of anaphylaxis
26
Monoclonal preparations are derived from a ______ population and has binding specificity for a ____ epitope
clonal (arising from single parental B cell); single
27
If an antibody binds a single epitope and multiple copies are found on virus surface, what type of preparation do you have: polyclonal or monoclonal?
Monoclonal
28
True or False: Polyclonal antibodies are derived from many B cells, work against many epitopes, and have different binding specificity
True
29
Side effect of anti-venoms (an example of polyclonal antibody preparation)?
Serum sickness
30
Which type of polyclonal antibody preparation provides the broadest immunity
Human Immune Globulin
31
For monoclonal antibodies ___ and ____ cells were combined to make hybridoma
myeloma and rat splenic cells
32
What two features do hybridomas exhibit?
1) Immortal 2) Makes a single, specific, antibody
33
Why did myeloma cells need to be fused to rat splenic cells to develop MAB?
Myleoma cells lack HGPRT - therefore: cannot grow in HAT medium unless fused
34
Making MAB involves identifying fused cells and clones that make __________
specific antibody to antigen
35
Two disadvantages of MAB?
1) Pricey 2) Usually from heterologous host
36
How can MAB that come from heterologous host (mouse or other rodent) overcome foreignness?
-Recombinant DNA technology -Mouse:human chimeras -Antibody libraries -Transgenic mice
37
Three types of mouse hybridomas?
1) Mouse 2) Chimeric 3) Humanize
38
Advantages of MAB?
1) no lot to lot variation in concentration 2) 100% of injected/infused protein is antibody SPECIFIC for target antigen
39
New bispecific MAB can bind ___ different antigens
two
40
Functions of MAB?
1) Prophylaxis - ID/disease in general 2) Targets tumors 3) Detects and treats cancers 4) Prevents allograft rejection 5) Treat auto-imm disease and hypersensitivty 6) Inhibit leukocyte migration 7) Neutralize cytokines
41
Palivizumab is a MAB used for ____ prophylaxis. Target?
RSV - Target: anti-RSF F protein - MOA: prevents virus from fusing into the target
42
True or False: REGEN-COV is a MAB that binds to spike protein in order to block it
False - neutralizes it
43
Trastuzumab is a MAB used to _______ Target?
target tumors anti-ErbB-2 (epidermal growth factor receptor)
44
What two unique mechanisms does trastuzumab use to target tumors?
1) Targets immune system and depletes targeted cells via: - ADCC - opsonization -complement activation 2) Uses non-depleting MoAb (receptor blocker) - blocks target cell from proliferating by blocking the GF-R
45
Ibritumomab tiuxetan is a MAB used for ______ Target?
cancer detection and treatment target = CD20 (B cell marker)
46
How does Ibritumomab tiuxetan target small tumors and metastases?
1) MoAb-toxin 2) MoAb-radioisotope conjugates
47
____ is a chimeric MAB that targets ____ on B cells for ADCC and classical pathway of complement cascade
Rituximab; CD20
48
Which MAB is best for depleting B cells, which cause lymphoproliferative disorders and auto-immune diseases like RA?
Rituximab
49
True or False: Muromonab-CD3 is a MAB that can be used to prevent allograft rejection and treat T1DM (autoimmune disease)
True
50
Target for Muromonab-CD3?
Anti-CD3
51
Compare and contrast the way that Muromonab-CD3 prevents allograft rejection and treats T1DM
In both cases, muromonab-CD3 targets Anti-CD3 To treat allograft rejection, uses a RECEPTOR BLOCKADE only!!! To treat T1DM, uses both a RECEPTOR BLOCKADE + REDUCES T CELL NUMBER
52
True or False: Muromonab-CD3 and Ibritumomab tiuxetan are murine antibodies
True
53
Omalizumab is good for hypersensitivity treatments, such as ____ and ____ Target?
allergies and allergic asthma Target: Anti IgE
54
Omalizumab binds to the ___ portion of human IgE and prevents it from binding to Fc-R
Fc portion
55
_____ is a humanized monoclonal antibody against the cell adhesion molecule alpha4-integrin
Natalizumab
56
True or False: Omalizumab can be used to inhibit leukocyte migration
False - Natalizumab can be used to inhibit leukocyte migration
57
Natalizumab is used to treat what two conditions?
1) MS 2) Crohn's
58
Which MAB neutralizes cytokines? Target?
Daclizumab - IL-2R
59
True or False: Daclizumab can be used to prevent RENAL allograft rejection
True
60
How does Daclizumab work?
Blocks access of IL-2 to its receptor, preventing activation
61
Two general mechanisms by which MAB work?
1) Deplete target cells via: - complement - opsonization - ADCCC 2) non-depleting MoAB (receptor blocker without effects on cells)

Molecular Immunology (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions