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Molecular Immunology > Lecture 17: Tolerance and Autoimmunity > Flashcards

Lecture 17: Tolerance and Autoimmunity Flashcards

1
Q

What type of hypersensitivity reaction is associated with:
Myasthenia Gravis,
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia,
Graves Disease, and
Goodpasture Syndrome?

A

Type 2 Hypersensitivity Reaction

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2
Q

What type of hypersensitivity reaction is associated with: M.S and Hashimoto’s?

A

Type 4 Hypersensitivity Reaction

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3
Q

Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is associated with:
Systemic lupus erythematosus,
Scleroderma,
and Sjorgen Syndrome

A

Type 3 Hypersensitivity Reaction

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4
Q

HLA-DR2 and HLA-DR3 is associated with which two disorders?
A. Myasthenia Gravias, Hashimoto’s
B. Graves, T1DM
C. SLE, MS

A

C. SLE, MS

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5
Q

HLA-DR3 is associated with which two disorders?
A. RA, Celiac
B. Myasthenia Gravis, Graves
C. Sjorgen, MS

A

B. Myasthenia Gravis, Graves

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6
Q

HLA-DQ2 (90%), HLA-DQ8, and IgA Deficiency are associated with:
A. RA
B. Graves
C. Celiac
D. Hashimotos

A

C. Celiac

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7
Q

HLA-DR5, DR3, and B8 are associated with which disorder?
A. RA
B. Graves
C. Celiac
D. Hashimotos

A

D. Hashimotos

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8
Q

HLA-DR4 is associated with:
A. RA
B. Graves
C. Celiac
D. Hashimotos

A

A. RA

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9
Q

True or False: Graves Disease is associated with hypothyroidism while Hashimoto’s is associated with hyperthyroidism

A

False

Graves = Hyperthyroid
Hashimotos = Hypothyroid

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10
Q

_____: Loss of nerve transmission
_____: Loss of proper insulin control

A

M.S: Loss of nerve transmission
T1DM: Loss of proper insulin control

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11
Q

Dry eyes and mouth suggests which disorder?

A

Sjogren’s Syndrome

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12
Q

Malnutrition, diarrhea, abdominal pain suggests which disorder?

A

Celiac Disease

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13
Q

Joint pain, kidney damage, and butterfly rash suggests which disorder?

A

SLE

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14
Q

Fibrosis, arthritis, arteritis, and Reynaud’s suggests which disorder?

A

Scleroderma

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15
Q

Target in MS?
Target in Celiac?

A

MS = myelin in CNS
Celiac = small intestinal mucosa

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16
Q

Target of Myasthenia gravis?
Target of Graves?

A

M. gravis = Ach receptor
Graves = TSH receptor

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17
Q

SS-A (ro), SS-B (la); and M3R muscarinic Ach are targets of which disorder?

A

Sjorgen Syndrome

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18
Q

Topisomerase, RNAP, and Centromere are targets of which disorder?

A

Scleroderma

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19
Q

Nuclear Ag, dsDNA, and anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) are targets of which disorder?

A

SLE

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20
Q

Anemia, elevated indirect bil, and reticulolysis are symptoms of ____

A

autoimmune hemolytic anemia

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21
Q

Where does central T cell tolerance occur? Peripheral T cell tolerance?

A

Central = thymus
Peripheral = lymph tissues

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22
Q

Apoptosis occurs in central T cell tolerance under which conditions?

A

TCR strongly recognizes self peptides

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23
Q

Anergy occurs in peripheral T cell tolerance under what two conditions?

A

1) stimulation of T cells without secondary stimulation (B7-CD28)
2) repeated stimulation of activated T cells

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24
Q

____: T cells that inhibit activation of T cells by self peptide/MHC

A

Regulatory T cells

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25
____: An inflammatory lesion that appears 2-6 weeks after a perforating wound to contralateral eye
Sympathetic opthalmia
26
True or False: Exposure of antigens in an immunologically privileged site may induce an immune response to self antigens
True
27
____: process by which the immune response to a pathogen or foreign antigen may cross react with self tissues
Molecular Mimicry
28
What are three examples in which a preceding infectious process may lead to development of an autoimmune disease?
1) Ankylosing spondylitis 2) Rheumatic Fever 3) G-Barre Syndrome
29
____: agents on klebsiella and other bacteria induce antibodies that cross react w host tissues causing chronic inflammation, fibrosis, and ossification of spine
Ankylosing Spondylitis
30
Which auto-immmune disease is associated with HLA-B27 positivity? A. Ankylosing Spondylitis B. Rheumatic Fever C. G Barre Syndrome
Ankylosing Spondylitis
31
_____: antigens from bacterium that cause strep. pharyngitis induce antibodies that cross react with self tissue on heart valves A. Ankylosing Spondylitis B. Rheumatic Fever C. G Barre Syndrome
Rheumatic Fever
32
Following GI infection with Campylobacter, persons may develop an immune response against LPS. Severe paralysis and polyneuritis occurs and slowly resolves as person's immune system wanes. A. Ankylosing Spondylitis B. Rheumatic Fever C. G Barre Syndrome
C. G Barre Syndrome
33
Why is it believed that women are more prone to auto-immune disorders?
Estrogen receptors
34
True or False: Being elderly is strongly associated with loss of immune function/immune dysregulation
True
35
Which two Th2 cytokines inhibit Th1 responses?
IL-10 and IL-4
36
____ is a potent suppressor of T Lymphocyte proliferation
TGF-B - mice with TGF-B deficiency have autoimmunity
37
Villus atrophy and T cell infiltration, as seen in Celiac, suggests that the disease is primarily mediated by ___
T cells
38
True or False: CD is associated with HLA-DQ2 and IgA deficiency
True
39
What is an example of an autoimmune disorder with a known environmental trigger?
Celiac Disease
40
True or False: Myasthenia gravis is organ specific while SLE is systemic and multi-organ
True
41
True or False: Myasthenia gravis is linked to complement deficiency
False - SLE is! - Due to lack of C3b production
42
When C3b is incorporated into IC, it allows for?
Efficient removal by phagocytic cell
43
True or False: HLE is a disease resulting from loss of control of B cell system and is complicated by lack of C3b
True
44
____ is a systemic auto-immune disease characterized by inflammation and destruction of exocrine glands
Sjorgen's Syndrome
45
M3R abnormalities have been found in which disorder?
Sjorgen's Syndrome
46
In Graves Disease, which molecule mimics TSH by binding to and activating TSH-R, thereby causing hyperthyroidism?
TSI (thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin)
47
In Graves Disease, TBII's can block the receptor from binding ___, leading to ___
TSH, hypothyroidism
48
Both MS and T1DM are ___ cell mediated autoimmune diseases
T cells mediated
49
Graves disease is the only ____ mediated disorder
antibody mediated
50
Which is the only organ specific autoimmune disease? What are the three systemic autoimmune disorders?
Organ specific - Myasthenia gravis Systemic - SLE - Scleroderma -Sjorgren's Syndrome
51
Which two disorders are both antibody and T cell mediated?
RA and Hashimoto's
52
A panus is a feature of which disorder?
RA
53
What are the two diagnostic biomarkers for RA?
ACPA and RF (IgM antibody against IgG Fc)
54
True or False: RA may occur in agammaglobulinemic patients, meaning autoimmun antibody response may play a role but are not essential to pathogenesis of the disease
True
55
Anti-mitotic drugs, cyclosporine, and anti-inflammatory drugs are best described as: A. Immunosuppressive Therapy B. Targeted Treatments
A. Immunosuppressive Therapy
56
Two distadvantages of anti-mitotic drugs and cyclosporine?
- Immune suppression - Increased susceptibility to infection (conventional and opportunistic pathogens)
57
True or False: Immunosuppressive therapy is only for treating end stage disease, but cannot reverse the process
True
58
IL-2R can be blocked with anti-CD25 antibody in treating ___
MS
59
Human monoclonal antibody that neutralizes effects of BAFF cytokine and leads to decrease in circulating B cells is approved to treat ___
SLE
60
Il-6 or IL-6 R blocking is effective for individuals with __
RA
61
IL-17 or IL-23 can be bound my a mAb, blocking their function in treatment for ___
psoriasis
62
Within lamina propria and Peyer's patches of intestines, population of CD4+ T cells exist and exert a major influence on isotype switching of local B cells to induce ___ production
IgA
63
In the presence of low dose antigen, mucosal T cells give rise to either ___ or ___
Th2 (IL-4 and IL-10: suppress Th1) Th3 (make TGF-B: suppresses Th1/2 lymphocyte activation and proliferation)
64
Ag-specific ___ cells have been found in circulation of subject following oral admin of antigen
Th3
65
True or False: Activation of Ag specific Th2 following low doses of oral Ag may provide a mechanism for suppressing harmful immune responses
True
66
____ patients treated w orally administered bovine myelin results in appearance of myelin basic protein specific Th3 in peripheral blood
M.S
67
___ patients treated with orally admin Type II collagen show improvement
R.A

Molecular Immunology (27 decks)

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