Pathologies

Question 1

Which of the following is least likely to cause lymphadenopathy?

a. viral infection
b. atherosclerosis of internal carotid artery
c. metastasis of cancer
d. autoimmune disease

Answer 1

b. atherosclerosis of internal carotid artery

Question 2

Giant cell arteritis is usually diagnosed by taking a biopsy of which vessel?

Answer 2

superficial temporal artery

Question 3

You notice a bulging of the internal/external jugular vein. You suspect its caused by increased blood pressure at the right atrium or right ventricle of the heart. What is it?

Answer 3

Jugular venous distention

Question 4

What might jugular venous distention indicate?

Answer 4

cardiovascular disease

Question 5

A patient has swollen, enlarged lymph nodes. What might it be?

Answer 5

Lymphandenopathy

Question 6

Lymph nodes (in the case of lymphandenophathy) may be enlarged due to disease such as:

Answer 6

infection
autoimmune
malignant

Question 7

What kind of damage may occur during lymph node biopsy or radical neck dissection?

Answer 7

Damage to spinal accessory nerve, CN 11

Question 8

Damage to what nerve results in decreased function of trapezius muscle?

Answer 8

CN 11

Question 9

A patient complains of chronic pain of upper neck/occiput. You suspect this nerve is a cause/contributor:

Answer 9

lesser occipital nerve

Question 10

A patient complains of chronic pain of upper neck/occiput. You might consider this pathology name:

Answer 10

occipital neuralgia

Question 11

When the brachial plexus or subclavian artery is compressed through injury at the inter scalene triangle it may lead to neuromuscular problems of the upper extremity. This is called:

Answer 11

thoracic outlet syndrome

Question 12

Atherosclerosis commonly occurs at the carotid bifurcation. And embolus due to atherosclerosis can travel through the internal carotid artery downstream and occlude smaller vessels of the brain. This is called:

Answer 12

internal carotid artery and ischemic stroke

Question 13

Thrombotic means

Answer 13

stuck in place

Question 14

Embolic means

Answer 14

circulating

Question 15

This disease is an inflammatory disease of blood vessels, especially branches of external carotid artery.

Answer 15

giant cell arteritis

Question 16

Giant cell arteritis is diagnosed by biopsy of:

Answer 16

superficial temporal artery

Question 17

The internal jugular vein is a good site to place a central:

Answer 17

venous catheter

Question 18

Catheter placed in the internal jugular vein can be used to:

Answer 18

• administer medications/fluids

- monitor central venous pressure

Question 19

The presence/absence of cancer cells in lymph nodes is important for staging ____. Staging provides information for:

Answer 19

malignancy; prognosis and treatment options

Question 20

Cancer can metastasize via

Answer 20

lymphatic vessels

Question 21

You notice a lump at the midline of your patients neck. They are also having difficulty breathing and swallowing. You suspect:

Answer 21

• thyroglossal duct cyst

- they are weird for coming to a chiropractor for shoulder pain when they are gasping for breath

Question 22

An enlargement of improperly functioning thyroid gland is called:

Answer 22

goiter

Question 23

Goiter is associated with a deficiency in:

Answer 23

iodine

Question 24

Primary lesions of thyroid gland are often:

Answer 24

nodular

Question 25

This pathology may be caused by stroke, trauma, infection or lesion. (Bell's palsy is facial paralysis without definitive cause.)

Answer 25

facial nerve paralysis

Question 26

Inflammation of parotid gland

Answer 26

parotitis

Question 27

Cause of parotitis:

Answer 27

infectious autoimmune blockage

Question 28

Salivary gland stones are also called salivary:

Answer 28

calculi or sialoliths

Question 29

This kind of stone is composed of mineral salts and is the most common in the duct of the submandibular gland:

Answer 29

salivary gland stones

Question 30

You give your client a piece of cake so that you can talk about metabolism. They immediately get excited and then look like they are in excruciating pain. They tell you that their mouth hurts whenever it waters, you suspect:

Answer 30

salivary gland stones

Question 31

Your client has severe headache, swelling around their eyelids and their eye movement is not normal. You suspect:

Answer 31

cavernous sinus thromosis

Question 32

A blood clot within the cavnernous sinus caused by infection is called:

Answer 32

cavernous sinus thromosis

Question 33

The most common cause of epidural hematoma is tearing of the:

Answer 33

middle meningeal artery

Question 34

Hematoma means

Answer 34

buildup of blood in epidural space