Pax Romana

Question 1

In the late 18th century the English historian Edward ___ dubbed the stability and relative peace within the empire that ___ had created the ___ Romana.

Answer 1

Gibbon, Augustus, pax

Question 2

During this time the Roman emperor Hadrian built a wall in ___, someof which still stands today.

Answer 2

England

Question 3

The Roman system of roads grew to ___ miles, making it longer than the interstate highway system in the U.S. - some of the roads are still used today.

Answer 3

50k

Question 4

The city of Rome had a population of over a ___ people and may have been the largest city in the world.

Answer 4

million

Question 5

Most people in Rome lived in shoddily constructed houses, and the Emperor’s kept the peace by providing free ___, ___ and ___.

Answer 5

oil, wine, grain

Question 6

They entertained the masses with gladiatorial ___

Answer 6

combats

Question 7

The Romans were even more addicted to ___ racing than to gladiatorial shows.

Answer 7

chariot

Question 8

The expansion of trade during the pax Romana made the Roman Empire an ___ as well as political force.

Answer 8

economicv

Question 9

Egypt produced tons of ___ that fed the Roman populace

Answer 9

wheat

Question 10

___ was still a major commodity - which came from the East - in return Romans traded ___, ___

Answer 10

Silk, glassware, gems, slaves

Question 11

Word went back to China that Romans were wealthy, __ and strikingly similar to the Chinese.

Answer 11

tall

Question 12

During the reign of ___ in the Roman province of ___, Jesus of Nazareth ___, attracted a following and was executed on the order of a Roman prefect named ___,

Answer 12

Tiberius, Judea, preached, Pontius Pilate

Question 13

The life of Jesus took place in a context in which some Jews were Zealots, who encouraged armed rebellion against ___ rule and in which many Jews believed that a final struggle was near that would lead to the coming of a savior or ___.

Answer 13

Roman, Messiah

Question 14

The ___ belief was an old one among Jews.

Answer 14

apolalyptic

Question 15

The term ___ refer to all those who practiced religions other than ___ or ___.

Answer 15

pagan, Judaism, Christianity

Question 16

There were also mystery religions that promised life after ___.

Answer 16

death

Question 17

Into this climate came Jesus of ___,whose ministry began when he was about ___.

Answer 17

Nazareth, thirty

Question 18

Like Socrates and Buddha, Jesus left no ___, and the principle evidence for his life and deeds are the four ___.

Answer 18

writings, gospels

Question 19

The term gospel means

Answer 19

Good News

Question 20

The textbook describes these Gospels as records of Jesus’ ___, but also claims that they were not meant to be ___, and argues that there are discrepancies among the four accounts.

Answer 20

teachings, biographies

Question 21

To this day some see Jesus as a great moral ___ (Thomas Jefferson), some as a ___ (Islam’s view), and many see him as the son of ___, who ___ from the dead, and is himself ___. (Christian view)

Answer 21

teacher, prophet, God, rose, divine

Question 22

The textbook claims that Jesus’ major deviation from orthodoxy was his insistence that he taught in his own ___.

Answer 22

name

Question 23

To avert riot and bloodshed ___ condemned Jesus to death.

Answer 23

Pilate

Question 24

Soon after, some of Jesus’ followers ___ that he had risen from the dead.

Answer 24

claimed

Question 25

The catalyst in the spread of Jesus' teachings was __ of Tarsus, a ___ Jew who was comfortable in both the ___ and ___ worlds.

Answer 25

Paul, Hellenized, Roman, Jewish

Question 26

Paul was the most important figure for changing Christianity from a ___ sect into a separate ___.

Answer 26

Jewish religion

Question 27

Paul urged Jews to include ___ in the faith and this is what set Christianity on its way to becoming a world religion.

Answer 27

Gentiles

Question 28

Christianity offered its adherents ___.

Answer 28

immortality

Question 29

Christians often called one another ___ and ___.

Answer 29

brother, sister.

Question 30

Some Roman officials considered the early Christians subversive because they objected the the cult of the ___.

Answer 30

Emperor

Question 31

The Roman Emperor ___ organized persecution of Christians

Answer 31

Nero

Question 32

Christianity became more established, with buildings and a ___ of officials modeled of those of the ___ Empire.

Answer 32

hierarchy

Question 33

Officials with jurisdiction over a certain area became known as___ who asserted that they had the right to determine the correct ___ of Christian thought.

Answer 33

Bishop, interpretation

Question 34

Highly educated individuals developed complex theological interpretations of issues that were not clear in ___, such as how Jesus could be both ___ and ___. Given these changes, Christianity became more ___ in the 2nd century with power more ___.

Answer 34

scripture, divine, human, formal, centralized

Question 35

During the crisis of the 3rd century, the emperors ___ and ___ tried to repair the damage.

Answer 35

Diocletian, Constantine

Question 36

Diocletian recognized that the empire had become too large, so in ___ AD he split the Roman Empire into a ___ and ___ half.

Answer 36

293, eastern, western

Question 37

Constantine eventually gained control over the whole empire, but ruled from the ___, where he established a new capital that was soon called ___.

Answer 37

East, Constantinople

Question 38

In 476 AD, a German chieftain deposed the Roman emperor in the West - this date marks the official end of the roman ___ in the West - it survived as the ___ Empire in the East

Answer 38

Empire, Byzantine

Question 39

Constantine ordered toleration of all religions in the Edict of ___ in 313 AD; ___ became a public holiday.

Answer 39

Milan, Sunday

Question 40

In 380 AD Theodosius made ___ the official religion of the empire.

Answer 40

Christianity

Question 41

In Greek there is a word for the concept of ___ time and the concept of the ___ time.

Answer 41

measured, right

Question 42

Christians believe that in Jesus ___ time became the ___ time.

Answer 42

measure, right

Question 43

Even the measure of time is divided into ___and ___.

Answer 43

BC, AD

Question 44

Christianity is not a philosophy or set of rituals, instead it is the story of what God has done in ___ and ___.

Answer 44

space and time

Question 45

Christians believe that God entered human history in the form of Jesus - in theological terms this is known as the ___.

Answer 45

incarnation

Question 46

Christianity had a rapid rise from being a small ___ to a significant force by the end of the first century.

Answer 46

sect

Question 47

Christianity developed ina context that included ___, ___ and ___ elements.

Answer 47

Hebrew, Greek and Latin

Question 48

The great early interpreter of Christianity was the Apostle ___, whose conversion is recorded in Acts 6.

Answer 48

Paul

Question 49

Paul's letters might be the first written Christian documents and he argued that non-Jews could become Christians without becoming Jews first, as ___ would replace ___.

Answer 49

baptism, circumcision

Question 50

The Hebrew context was important because it provided the (1) language of the day, ___ (2) ___, which had created a mostly uniform culture in the Mediterranean area (3) a rich philosophical traditions since ___ and ___ ideas had been around for 400 years

Answer 50

Koine, Hellenism, Plato, Aristotle

Question 51

Christianity came on the scene during the Pax ___ which meant that its message could be spread along the Roman roads and sea routes

Answer 51

Romana

Question 52

Early Christians were persecuted because they were a threat to the prevailing religious ___ and because the refused to worship the ___.

Answer 52

pluralism, emperors

Question 53

It was said that the ___ of martyrs became the seed of the ___.

Answer 53

blood, church

Question 54

In 312 AD, Constantine converted to Christianity and historians debate whether his conversion was the result of ___ or ___ expediency.

Answer 54

divine intervention, political

Question 55

By 313 AD Christianity was ___ and persecution ended, it was a lot easier to be a christian and the movement lost much of its zeal, this is sometimes referred to as the ____

Answer 55

legal, Constantine Shift

Question 56

As the early Christian Church emerged it developed (1) a sense of ___ and (2) a new form of spirituality known as ___.

Answer 56

history, monasticism

Question 57

St. Anthony practiced ___monasticism.

Answer 57

eremitic

Question 58

Christians were quickly required to define and defend their beliefs and so (3) Classic ___ was agreed upon in the midst of great debate.

Answer 58

Doctrine

Question 59

Creedal type statements can be found in Paul's letters, but the first official creed was the ___ Creed.

Answer 59

Apostle's

Question 60

A major point of discussion was the nature of Christ. ___ argued that Jesus was a creature of God, while ____ maintained that Jesus was ___ and ___.

Answer 60

Arius, Athanasius, God, man

Question 61

Constantine called for a meeting and it was known as the Council of ___, with the ___ Creed as its legacy: Christ was proclaimed ___ and ___ Athanasius had prevailed.

Answer 61

Nicea, Niceen, God, Man

Question 62

The early synthesizer of Christian thought was ___

Answer 62

Augustine

Question 63

Augustine's theology stressed God's power and the impact of ___ on human nature.

Answer 63

original sin

Question 64

Two of Augustine's most famous books are ___ and the ____

Answer 64

The Confessions, City of God