PCM wrap up

Question 1

what 6 things can be impacted by nutrition probs

Answer 1

BMI, loss of sensory acuity, dentition, kidney fxn, GI changes, immune system less efficient

Question 2

what can lead to increase prevalence of allergies (5)

Answer 2

low birth weight (premie), lower exposure to dz, no breastfeeding, high n-6 diet, early intro to allergens

Question 3

what allergy do you acquire late in life

Answer 3

shell fish

Question 4

peanut allergy is linked to

Answer 4

earlier intro of peanut proteins found in peanut butter, cereals, confectionary and baked goods (except question)

Question 5

how does IgE mediated allergies cause reactions

Answer 5

IgE causes degranulation of mast cells –> SOB, redness, edema, hypoTN, abdominal pain

Question 6

what is an example of non-IgE mediated allergies

Answer 6

celiacs dz

Question 7

Non-IgE mediated food rxns

Answer 7

Urticaria/dermatitis, infant colic, IBS, Asthma etc.

Question 8

What is food aversion

Answer 8

unpleasant rxn to food that are not reproduced when the food is covertly presented

Question 9

internally generated perceptions and false beliefs

Answer 9

hallucinations and delusions = schizo

Question 10

what is the most common psychotic disorder

Answer 10

schizophrenia

Question 11

what is the genera distribution of schizophrenia

Answer 11

equally m/f but males present earlier

Question 12

what are the 3 phases of schizophrenia

Answer 12

prodromal, active, residual

Question 13

what phase is a schizophrenic pt that is having gradual change in behavior that appears as a personality or mood change

Answer 13

prodromal

Question 14

what phase is a schizophrenic pt that has delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking, and behavior

Answer 14

active

Question 15

what phase is a schizophrenic pt that has continuing oddities of thinking and behavior, but hallucinations and delusions are absent

Answer 15

residual phase

Question 16

pt has acute alteration of consciousness w/ fluctuating disturbances in cognition, perception, behavior, affect, and sleep due to an underlying physical cause

Answer 16

delirium

Question 17

what are risk factors for delirium

Answer 17

age, pre-existing cognitive impairment, pre-existing medical condition, baseline poor health or disability, environmental conditions

Question 18

what do secondary syndromes spare

Answer 18

vital fxns and lack signs of diffuse cortical impairment , making recognition less urgent

Question 19

pt w/ cortical radiations of cholinergic neurons, beta amyloid, neurofibrillary tangles, loss of memory

Answer 19

alzheimers

Question 20

pt w/ stepwise deterioration of cognition and diffuse cortical infarcts

Answer 20

vascular dimentia

Question 21

butterfly pattern destruction of caudate and putamen

Answer 21

huntingtons

Question 22

lewy bodies, cortical radiations of dopamine neurons lesioned, cogwheeling

Answer 22

parkinsons

Question 23

lewy bodies, cortical radiations of dopamine neurons lesioned, cog wheeling but sparing temporal areas

Answer 23

lewy body dementia

Question 24

frontal and temporal brain atroph

Answer 24

pick dz

Question 25

can't see in 1 eye when in hot shower

Answer 25

MS

Question 26

what does thiamine deficiency cause

Answer 26

deterioration of mammilary bodies --> wernicke korsakoff syndrome

Question 27

compression of cortical tissue surrounding cerebral ventricles, prominent gait disturbances

Answer 27

normal pressure hydrocephalus

Question 28

pin pooint pupils, clammy skin, shallow breathing, low BP HR & T

Answer 28

Opiate/narcotic tox

Question 29

increased respirations, yawning, perspiration, diarrhea, dilated pupils, goose bumps, anorexia, muscle aches and rhinnorhea

Answer 29

opiate/ narcotic withdrawal

Question 30

hand tremor, insomnia, n/v, transient allucinations, psychomotor agitation, anxiety, tonic-clonic seizures, autonomic instability; CIWA-Ar scale

Answer 30

alcohol withdrawal

Question 31

irritablity, restlessness, insomnia, anxiety, muscle twitching, hunger, weight gain, poor concentration, craving, depression, dec BP HR

Answer 31

nicotine w/drawal

Question 32

apathy, pseudo depression, no changes in BP HR

Answer 32

cocaine withdrawal

Question 33

decreased appetite and weight, anxiety, insomnia, nightmares

Answer 33

weed withdrawal

Question 34

schizophrenia and myoglobinuria

Answer 34

PCP intox

Question 35

which has more consistent blood level nicotine patch or gum

Answer 35

patch

Question 36

what is required to prescribe the patch

Answer 36

must stop smoking before using patch

Question 37

what is the most effective nicotine cessation agent

Answer 37

varenicline (chantix)

Question 38

what are ADEs of varenicline (chantix)

Answer 38

depression w/ suicidal ideation, agitation, nightmares

Question 39

what is an inhalent

Answer 39

toluene

Question 40

what is the most common thing physicians have problem with (type of substance abuse)

Answer 40

chemical abuse