Pds 1

Question 1

bone pain worse at night, relieved by NSAIDS

x ray shows lucency

Answer 1

osteoid osteoma

Question 2

surgery to fix volvulus

Answer 2

Ladd procedure

Question 3

imaging for pyloric stenosis

Answer 3

ultrasound

Question 4

imaging for volvulus or malrotation

Answer 4

upper GI series (barium swallow)

Question 5

failure to pass meconium first 2 days of life and dilated loops of bowel on X-ray

• differential
• next step

Answer 5

Hirschsprung and meconium ileus

contrast enema

Question 6

qualities of pathologic murmurs

Answer 6

symptomatic
fam history of sudden deaths
holosystolic or diastolic
grade 3 or higher
increases with valsalva or standing
decreased femoral pulses

Question 7

tall R wave in aVL

deep S wave in V3

Answer 7

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Question 8

EKG changes in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 8

tall R wave in aVL

deep S wave in V3

Question 9

age cutoff for precocious puberty in terms of secondary sexual development

Answer 9

girls less than age 8

boys less than age 9

Question 10

features of central precocious puberty

Answer 10

premature adrenarche (axillary hair)
premature thelarche (breast development)
advanced bone age

Question 11

UA shows proteinuria - next step?

Answer 11

get 2 more samples (has false positives, and also can be transient proteinuria)

Question 12

persistent stridor that worsens in supine position

Answer 12

laryngomalacia

Question 13

stridor that improves w/ neck extension

- also associated with what

Answer 13

vascular ring

cardiac abnormalities

Question 14

HSV vs coxsackie in terms of lesions

Answer 14

HSV - vesicles on anterior oropharynx

coxsackie - gray vesicles/ ulcers on posterior oropharynx

Question 15

sxs of Fanconi anemia

Answer 15

aplastic anemia (low WBC, RBC, platelets)
abnormal thumbs
short
small head
hypopigmentation
eye and ear abnormalities

Question 16

rotavirus vaccine indicated for what age

Answer 16

2-8 months

Question 17

cholesterol screening at what ages

Answer 17

9-11

17-21

Question 18

nephrotic syndrome and Hep B

Answer 18

membranous nephropathy

Question 19

nephrotic syndrome and HIV

Answer 19

FSGS

Question 20

most common complication of sickle cell trait

Answer 20

painless hematuria

Question 21

premature baby has increased risk of what GI problem

- also, what imaging would you see

Answer 21

necrotizing enterocolitis

abd x ray shows air in bowel wall and portal veins

Question 22

dx of ALL

Answer 22

BM biopsy showing more than 25 percent lymphoblasts

Question 23

holosystolic murmur in LLSB and diastolic rumble at apex

Answer 23

VSD

Question 24

indications for renal and bladder ultrasound

Answer 24

first UTI less than 2 years old
recurrent UTIs
no response to ATB tx for UTI

Question 25

indications for VCUG

Answer 25

see renal scarring or hydronephrosis on ultrasound less than 1 month old less than 2 years old with recurrent UTI or UTI from other than E coli

Question 26

most common cause of congenital hypothyroidism

Answer 26

thyroid dysgenesis

Question 27

ear drainage for several weeks even on ATBs

Answer 27

cholesteatoma

Question 28

rabies post exposure prophylaxis

Answer 28

rabies Ig and rabies vaccine

Question 29

tx of tourettes

Answer 29

``` antipsychotics (risperidone) alpha agonists (clonidine, guanfacine) ```

Question 30

viral infection, then petechiae... dx and management

Answer 30

ITP if no bleeding, ons if bleeding, IVIG or glucocorticoids

Question 31

3 types of metatarsus adductus and their treatments

Answer 31

I - overcorrects - obs II - corrects to neutral - orthotics III - doesn't correct - serial casts

Question 32

what APGAR scores require resuscitation with positive pressure ventilation

Answer 32

less than 7

Question 33

gold standard dx of duchenne muscular dystrophy

Answer 33

genetic testing for deletion of dystrophin gene