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COMP EXAM > peds > Flashcards

peds Flashcards

1
Q

vernix

A

waxy stuff on newborns

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2
Q

when are fontanelles closed

A

2 years

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3
Q

incomplete breech

A

one leg in extension

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4
Q

frank breech

A

both legs extended

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5
Q

complete breech

A

both legs flexed

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6
Q

not all breach babies have atypical hip joint T/F

A

TRUE

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7
Q

typical ROM for newborns

A

excessive flexion, limited ext

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8
Q

writhing

A

overall pattern of infant motion

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9
Q

asymmetric tonic neck reflex (ATNR)

A

look toward extended arm

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10
Q

creeping

A

on their hands and knees (belly and pelvis off)

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11
Q

plantigrade, bear walking

A

hands and feet

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12
Q

high guard

A

arms up

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13
Q

cruising

A

on feet, but using hands on elevated surface

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14
Q

assessment components

A
  • weight bearing position
  • antigravity movement
  • symmetrical or asymmetrical
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15
Q

neuromaturational theory

A

development tightly tied to CNS development, motor development is cephalocaudal and proximal to distal

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16
Q

dynamic systems theory

A

individual, task, and environmental constraints, motor behavior is made up of periods of stability and instability

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17
Q

most common childhood motor disability

A

CP

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18
Q

what does W-sitting mean?

A

not necessarily abnormal

can also be seen with hypo (wides BOS) or hypertonia (limited ROM)

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19
Q

capacity

A

the best the child can do in a standardized setting

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20
Q

performance

A

what the child can typically do

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21
Q

AIMS subscales

A

prone, supine, sitting, standing

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22
Q

scoring AIMS

A

determine window (least-most mature observed items) and score each as observed or not observed, 1 pt. each

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23
Q

5 domains of development

A
  • physical motor
  • social/emotional
  • communication/language
  • cognitive
  • adaptive
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24
Q

joint attention

A

looking where someone is pointing, more likely after there is locomotor ability

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25
encephalocele
NT defect, in occipital region, brain damage is typically focal
26
anencephaly
absence of most of the brain, die within a few hours
27
hydranencephaly
absence of cerebral cortex, can live a few years
28
x-linked disorders
muscular dystrophy fragile x rett syndrome hemophilia
29
chronological age
time elapsed since birth
30
corrected age
chronological age - # of weeks born before 40 weeks gestation used up to age 3
31
conceptional age
time elapsed from fertilization and day of delivery (shouldn't be used clinically unless IVF or something)
32
gestational age
time between first day of last menstrual period and day of delivery also conceptional age + 2 weeks
33
post-menstrual age
gestration + chronological age (used for preterm before due date)
34
full-term birth
37-42 weeks
35
birth weight
low BW: 2,500g very low BW: less than 1500g extremely low BW: less than 1000g
36
small for gestational age
below 10th percentiale
37
large for gestational age
above 90th percentile
38
Apgar stands for
appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, respiration | get two points each
39
normal Apgar score
8-10
40
critically low Apgar score
0-3, needs resuscitation
41
when does surfactant develop
between 24-34 weeks
42
common brain injuries of premies
``` intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH): bleeding into ventricles periventricular leukomalacia (PVL): ischemia of white matter near ventricles, increases rate of CP ```
43
subsystems of behavioral development
- autonomic - motor - state - attention/interaction - self-regulatory
44
GMFC levels
Level I: walks without restrictions; limitations in more advanced gross motor skills Level II: walks without assistive device; limitations in community mobility Level III: walks with device; limitations in community mobility Level IV: limited ambulation or self-mobility; primary mode of mobility is a wheelchair Level V: severe limitations in self-mobility and function even with use of assistive technology
45
who can use GMFM-66
cerebral palsy or acute TBI
46
when does an arch in the foot develop
4 years old
47
motor performance
temporary change in motor behavior
48
motor learning
relatively permanent change
49
motor control
ability to regulate or direct the mechanisms essential to movement
50
neuromaturational model for motor control
unfolding of predetermined patterns, SUPPORTED by the environment more complex behaviors = higher levels of neurological systems cephalocaudal direction
51
Rood treatment approach
really heavy on sensory
52
should you fade feedback with children?
can be detrimental if done too quickly
53
purposes of behaviors
escape attention tangible sensory
54
behavior ABCs
Antecedent Behavior Consequence
55
dyspraxia vs. apraxia
apraxia is due to a lesion, dyspraxia is developmental
56
somatodyspraxia
sensory impairments based in tactile, vestibular and proprioceptive discrimination
57
four phases of swallow
- oral predatory phase - oral phase - pharyngeal phase - esophageal phase
58
true sucking develops by ___ months
4 months
59
can begin introducing solid foods at ____ months
6 months
60
types of tone in CP
spastic athetoid - writhing ataxic hypotonic
61
GMFM-88 can be used for children with other diagnoses (T/F)
TRUE | Down syndrome and osteogenesis imperfecta (also acute TBI which is true for 66)
62
GMFM is based on how much of a task the child can complete, not how well (T/F)
TRUE
63
GMFM-66 can be used to determine impact of orthoses (T/F)
TRUE
64
what tract controls muscle tone?
vestibulospinal tract
65
anteversion
head of femur anteriorly in acetabulum --> toeing out
66
retrotorsion
femur bone is twisted outward--> toeing out
67
anteversion and retrotorsion cause
toeing out
68
retroversion and antetorsion cause
toeing in
69
what age do we see developed arches?
4 years
70
tarsal coalition
fibrous, cartilaginous, or osseous fusion of midfoot or hind foot limited STJ motion, recurring lateral ankle sprain
71
ASD Drugs
risperidone and aripiprazole
72
which shunt direction causes cyanosis
right to left (supposed to go to lungs, but goes to body instead)
73
atrial septal defect
foramen ovale persists
74
ventricular septal defect
opening in intraventricular septum
75
atrioventricular septal defect
parts of atrial and ventricular septum remain open
76
transposition of the great arteries
the aorta and pulmonary arteries are switched, PROFOUND CYANOSIS, surgical intervention needed
77
surfactant production begins at
32 weeks
78
respiratory distress syndrome
insufficient surfactant in lungs
79
bronchopulmonary disease (BPD)
chronic lung disease | results from prolonged exposure to mechanical ventilation
80
asthma
bronchi overreact to trigger, extreme prematurity --> increased risk
81
cystic fibrosis
inherited disease where body produces unusually thick, sticky mucus
82
arthrogryposis
congenital joint contracture in two or more areas of the body

COMP EXAM (18 decks)

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