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JKC Anatomy- Spring '24 > Pelvis 1+2+3+4- Exam 4 > Flashcards

Pelvis 1+2+3+4- Exam 4 Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

What 3 muscles make up the levator ani?

A

Pubo-rectalis
Pubo-coccygeus
Ilio-coccygeus

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2
Q

What 4 muscles make up the pelvic diaphragm?

A

Pubo-rectalis
Pubo-coccygeus
Ilio-coccygeus
Coccygeus

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3
Q

What are the components of the urogenital triangle?

A

-inferior pubic rami
-ischiopubic ramus
-ischial tuberosity
-superficial transverse perineal muscle

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4
Q

What are the 2 fossas of the pelvis? Why are they important?

A

ischio-anal fossae

anterior recesses of ischio-anal fossae

because bacteria can spread through subq fat very easily

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5
Q

What is within the superficial perineal space?

A

contains muscles and erectile tissues of penis/clitoris

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6
Q

What is within the deep perineal space?

A

deep transverse perineal muscle and glands

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7
Q

Why does infection from the abdomen/pelvis tend to NOT spread into the thigh?

A

because of the superficial fascias and deeper fascias

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8
Q

Deep penile fascia is also known as ___

A

Buck’s fascia

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9
Q

What is another name for the corpus cavernosum

A

crus of penis

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10
Q

What muscle is the cremaster muscle derived from?

A

internal abdominal oblique

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11
Q

What gland in women can get infected easily because of its short duct?

A

Greater vestibular gland

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12
Q

When the aorta splits what two arteries does it make?

A

Right and left common iliac

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13
Q

Superior vesicals supplies what organ?

A

superior bladder

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14
Q

**What are the two artery variations in the pelvis?

A
  1. Obturator arteries comes off the external iliac instead of the internal iliac (normal)
  2. Inferior gluteal comes off the superior gluteal instead of the internal iliac (normal)
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15
Q

Go back and rewatch the pelvis 1 around 1:42 to quiz yourself on the empty pictures

A

DO IT!

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16
Q

What arteries goes into the corpus cavernosum?

A

deep artery of the penis/clitoris

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17
Q

The ______ is the region posterior to the peritoneal lining

A

retroperitoneum

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18
Q

What 4 things does the retroperitoneum contain?

A

kidneys, ureters, suprarenal (adrenal) glands and the great vessels of the abdomen and pelvis

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19
Q

What does the deep pelvic space contain?

A

urinary bladder, rectum and reproductive viscera

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20
Q

Where do you surgically access the retroperitoneum and kidneys?

A

Posteriorly:

Right: below the 12th rib

Left: between the 11th and 12th rib

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21
Q

Paranephric fat is found where?

A

surrounding the kidney but more outside than Perinephric fat

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22
Q

Perinephric fat is found where?

A

directly surrounding the kidney, paranephric fat surrounds the peri

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23
Q

Perinephric abscesses can result from ____ and ____

A

UTIs or nephric abscesses

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24
Q

Where do the upper ureter receive its blood supply from?

A

renal artery

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25
Where does the middle ureter receive its blood supply from?
aorta
26
In the abdomen you never want to pull the ureter ____
laterally
27
In the pelvis, you never want to pull the ureter ____
medially
28
Ureters pass ___ to gonadal arteries and ____ to uterine arteries
posterior inferior
29
ureters pass ____ to the iliac vessel
anterior
30
____ is constantly being produced
urine (and bile)
31
What causes the ureter flap to close?
increased pressure
32
The proximal ureter has a ___ layer of smooth muscle
thin muscularis externa
33
Distal ureter has a ____ layer of smooth muscle
thick muscle layer increases in thickness as you go down
34
Where are the three normal places kidney stones lodge?
Renal pelvis Crossing pelvic brim & common iliac vessels Entry into bladder wall
35
What do you order if you suspect a kidney stone?
KUB CT scan without contrast
36
What is hydronephrosis?
water on the kidney
37
What is the smooth muscle of the bladder called?
detrusor muscle
38
What is the role of the adrenal capsule?
Protection and separation from nearby structures
39
What is the role of the adrenal cortex?
secretes Mineralcorticoids Glucocorticoids Gonadocorticoids
40
What is the role of the adrenal medulla?
secretes Chromaffin cells: epinephrine & norepinephrine
41
What is the deepest recess in a female?
rectouterine pouch
42
Medial umbilical fold goes to what artery?
internal iliac artery
43
Lateral umbilical fold covers what vessels?
inferior epigastric vessels to external iliac
44
If you trace the median umbilical fold, where will it lead to back to??
towards the bladder
45
What is the deepest space in males?
rectovesicle pouch
46
What is the space between ascending colon and body wall?
right paracolic gutter
47
the ____ dead ends at the phrenicococoic ligament
left paracolic gutter
48
fluid in the (right/left) infracolic space cannot move superiorly
left
49
Fluid in the (right/left) paracolic gutter can reach the area posterior to the liver and possibly move through the ______ to reach the omental sac.
right omental foramen
50
What is it called when the uterus is laying slightly forward? Backward?
anteversion retroversion
51
What is called when the uterus is bent foward? backward?
anteflexion retroflexion
52
What are parts of the adnexa?
broad ligament ovarian ligament round ligament of uterus oviduct suspensory ligament of ovary ovary
53
What is covering the ovarian artery and vein?
suspensory ligament of ovary
54
What three things make up the broad ligament?
Mesometrium – connects to uterus Mesovarium – connects to the ovary Mesosalpynx – connects to the oviduct
55
Parts of the broad ligament: _____ connects to uterus
Mesometrium
56
Parts of the broad ligament: _____ connects to ovary
mesovarium
57
Parts of the broad ligament: _____ connects to oviduct
mesosalpynx
58
What are the little fingers extending off the infundibulum?
fimbria
59
_____ is the leftover male drainage apparatus during development
epoophoron
60
What veins make the portal vein?
splenic and superior mesenteric
61
Testes/ovarian nodes drain directly to ____
lumbar (para-aortic) nodes
62
Be able to draw this flow
be able to draw this flow
63
Why are superficial inguinal nodes special?
they are extremely superficial so easy to palpate them
64
Describe a cancerous lymph node, what would it present like?
firm, not mobile, not painful
65
Describe an infected lymph node, what would it present like?
red, painful,swollen, mobile
66
Carcinomas (cancers derived from _____) commonly metastasize through _____
epithelium lymphatics
67
Sarcomas (cancers derived from _____) commonly metastasize through _____
mesoderm veins
68
Lymph from both lower limbs and the abdominopelvic viscera collects in a large sac (sometimes multiple) called the ______.
cisterna chyli
69
After the cisterna chyli, From there lymph flows superiorly through the _____ to the ______
thoracic duct left subclavian vein
70
Lymph from the right upper limb and right head and neck drains to the _______
right subclavian vein
71
Draw the generic lymph flow for the entire body
72
Before reaching the left subclavian vein, lymph in the thoracic duct will usually encounter the ______
left supraclavicular lymph nodes.
73
What is the arrow pointing to? What does it indicate?
Virchow's nodes cancer in the abdominopelvic organs

JKC Anatomy- Spring '24 (14 decks)

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