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Spring of 2012 > Peripheral Nervous System (Exam 3) > Flashcards

Peripheral Nervous System (Exam 3) Flashcards

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0
Q

Affectors

A

Somatic- skeletal muscle

Autonomic- smooth and cardiac muscle, glands, viscera

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1
Q

The efferent division is divided into two parts

A

Somatic

Autonomic

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2
Q

Pathway

A

Somatic- single neuron

Autonomic- 2 neuron chain with a synapse in between

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3
Q

Neurotransmitters

A

Somatic- Ach

Autonomic- Ach, epinephrine, neuroepinephrine

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4
Q

Neurotransmitter effect on target cell

A

Somatic- always excitatory

Autonomic- excitatory or inhibitory

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5
Q

Cholinergic fibersq

A

Fibers that release Ach

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6
Q

Adrenerhic fibers

A

Neurons that release epinephrine and neuroepinephrine

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7
Q

Cholinergic receptors

A

Bind and respond to Ach

Nicotinic 1&2
Muscarinic 1,2,&3

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8
Q

Adrenergic receptors

A

Binds and respond to epinephrine and neuroepinephrine

Alpha 1&2
Beta 1&2

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9
Q

Preganglionic fibers

A

Neuron whose cell body lies in the CNS

Releases NT that across a Neuro-neuronal synapse and binds with a second neuron

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10
Q

Postganglionic fiber

A

Neuron whose cell body lies in the PNS
Binds to the NT released from the postganglionic fiber
Axon extends to the effector organ
Releases NT that bind to the effector organ

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11
Q

Autonomic NS is divided into two parts

A

Parasympathetic and sympathetic

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12
Q

Dual innervation

A

Most viscera is innervated by both the parasympathetic and the sympathetic NS

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13
Q

Autonomic tone

A

One division is exhibiting more tone depending on what the body needs

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14
Q

Parasympathetic and sympathetic ______ each other and _______ are active all the time

A

Oppose

Both

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15
Q

Function of the parasympathetic NS

A

Rest and digest
Vegetative and Maintance activities
Conservation of ATP

Ex. Decrease HR, decrease BP, increase digestive function

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16
Q

Function of the sympathetic NS

A

Fight or flight
Prepares body to deal with an energetic situation
Uses ATP

Ex. Increase HR, increase BP, decrease digestive function

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17
Q

Origin sites of preganglionic fibers

A

Sympathetic- thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord (T1-L2)

Parasympathetic- cranial and spinal nerves

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18
Q

Occulomotor (3)

A

Smooth muscle of the eye that influences pupil size and eyeball movement

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19
Q

Facial (7)

A

Nasal glands
Lacrimal glands
Submandibular and sublingual salivary glands

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20
Q

Glassopharyngeal (9)

A

Parotid salivary gland

21
Q

Vagus (10)

A 
90% of the parasympathetic supply
Branches into the
Cardiac plexus
Pulmonary plexus
Esophageal plexus
Descending aortic plexus
22
Q

Cardiac plexus

A

Innervates the heart

23
Q

Pulmonary plexus

A

Innervates the lungs and bronchi

24
Q

Esophageal plexus

A

Innervates the esophagus

25
Q

Descending aortic plexus

A

Innervates most abdominal viscera

26
Q

Sacral region of the spinal cord Innervates:

A

Distal half of the large intestine
Urinary bladder
Reproductive organs

27
Q

Location of ganglia (origin of postganglionic fiber)

A

Sympathetic- sympathetic ganglionchain
Collateral ganglion
Adrenal medulla
Parasympathetic- terminal ganglion

28
Q

Sympathetic ganglionchainq

A

Close to the spinal cord

29
Q

Collateral ganglion

A

Midway between the spinal cord and the effector organ

30
Q

Adrenal medulla

A

Internal portion of the adrenal gland

31
Q

Some preganglionic fibers synapse

A

With the adrenal medulla

32
Q

Preganglionic sympathetic fiber releases Ach which binds to N1 receptors on medullary tissue

A

This causes a release of epinephrine and neuroepinephrine into the blood stream
(system wide sympathetic response)

33
Q

Terminal ganglion

A

Close to the effector organ

34
Q

Nicotinic receptor

A

Receptor stimulation by Ach is always excitatory
N1
N2

35
Q

N2

A

On sarcolemma of skeletal tissue (depolarization)

36
Q

N1

A

On all postganglionic cell bodies (at all ganglia in ANS)

On adrenal medulla

37
Q

Muscatinic receptors

A

Receptor stimulation by ch can result in an excitatory or inhibitory response depending on the receptor and the target organ
M1
M2
M3

38
Q

M1

A

Located on neural tissue

Excitatory

39
Q

M2

A

Located on heart

Inhibitory (decrease muscle contraction)

40
Q

M3

A

Located on smooth muscle and glands

Excitatory

41
Q

Alpha

A

Stimulation is generally excitatory
Except alpha2 on gut muscle

Alpha1
Alpha2

42
Q

Beta

A

Stimulation is generally inhibitory
Except beta1 on the heart

Beta1
Beta2

43
Q

Eye

A

P- pupil constriction via contraction of the circular muscle of the iris (M3)
S- pupil dilation via the contraction of the radial muscle of the iris (Alpha1)

44
Q

Digestive glands

A

P- increase in secretory activity (M3)

S- decrease in secretory activity (Beta2)

45
Q

Digestive tract smooth muscle

A

P- increase in motility (M3)
S- decrease in motility (Alpha2, Beta2)
Increase contraction of sphinctors (Alpha1)

46
Q

Sphinctor

A

Cuff of smooth muscle between one organ and the next

47
Q

Heart

A

P- decrease in HR (M2)

S- increase in HR (Beta1)

48
Q

Liver

A

P- no innervation

S- glycogen breakdown (Beta2)

49
Q

Blood vessel smooth muscle

A

P- no innervation
BV serving the external genetalia (M3)
S- blood vessel vaso-constriction (Alpha1)

50
Q

Respiratory system

A

P- contraction of smooth muscle surrounding the bronchioles (M3)
S- relaxation of the smooth muscle surrounding the bronchioles (Beta2)

Spring of 2012 (56 decks)

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