Personality Diff Perspectives

Question 1

Libido

Answer 1

life instinct

Question 2

death instinct

Answer 2

aggressive behaviors fueled by unconscious wish to die, hurt oneself, or others

Question 3

Id

Answer 3

Pleasure Principle. Reduce pain, tension, gain pleasure. No logic/moral reasoning

Question 4

Ego

Answer 4

reality principle. use logical thinking to control consciousness and ID

Question 5

Superego

Answer 5

inhibits id and influences ego. strives for perfection

Question 6

Ego Defense Mechanisms

Answer 6

used to cope with anxiety and protect ego. unconsciously deny or distort reality

Question 7

Psychosexual Stages

Answer 7

Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, Genital

Question 8

Oral psychosexual stage

Answer 8

sensual pleasure such as sucking and chewing

Question 9

Anal Psychosexual Stage

Answer 9

sensual pleasure through control of elimination

Question 10

Phallic Psychosexual Stage

Answer 10

Attraction to opp sex. Oedipus and Electra complexes

Question 11

Latency Psychosexual Stage

Answer 11

Interest in school, friends, sports

Question 12

Genital Psychosexual Stage

Answer 12

begins in adolescence. life/sexual energy fuel activity

Question 13

Goal of Psychoanalytic Therapy

Answer 13

help patient become aware of his/her unconscious motives. Talk Therapy

Question 14

Humanistic Perspective

Answer 14

Focus on healthy personality development. seen as inherently good.

Question 15

Actualizing Tendency

Answer 15

an innate drive to maintain and enhance the organism

Question 16

Self-Actualization

Answer 16

realizing his or her potential as long as no obstacle intervenes

Question 17

Self-Concept

Answer 17

Conscious, subjective perceptions, and beliefs about him/herself

Question 18

Incongruence

Answer 18

encounter experiences in life that contradict self-concepts

Question 19

Goal of Humanistic Therapy

Answer 19

Provide environment that will help clients accept themselves and emotional reactions so they can learn and grow

Question 20

Behaviorist Perspective

Answer 20

personality is result of learned behavior patterns based on a person’s environment

Question 21

Deterministic Perspective

Answer 21

people start as blank slate. Subsequent reinforcement/Punishment shapes personality

Question 22

Goal of Behavioral Therapy

Answer 22

Use conditioning to shape a client’s behavior in a desired direction

Question 23

Shaping

Answer 23

Reinforcing by with smaller amounts until goal is reached

Question 24

ABC Model

Answer 24

Functional Assessment to determine antecedents of behavior, and consequences of behavior. Therapy aims to change antecedents and consequences

Question 25

Social Cognitive Perspective

Answer 25

Personality is formed by reciprocal interaction among behavioral, cognitive, and environmental factors. Vicarious learning

Question 26

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Answer 26

Person's feelings and behaviors are seen as reaction to person's thoughts about those events

Question 27

Goal of CBT

Answer 27

help client become aware of irrational thoughts and substitute rational ones

Question 28

Trait Perspective

Answer 28

Trait theory focus on identifying, describing, measuring, and comparing individual differences and similarities with respect to those traits

Question 29

Surface Traits

Answer 29

triats evident from behavior

Question 30

Source Traits

Answer 30

abstract traits such as extroversion or introversion

Question 31

Raymond Catell 5 global factors (source traits)

Answer 31

Extroversion, Anxiety, Receptivity, Accomodation, Self-Control

Question 32

McCrae and Costa Five Factor model

Answer 32

Extroverion, Neuroticism, Openness, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness. Used for career assessments

Question 33

Biological Perspective

Answer 33

Personality is due to biology

Question 34

Hans Eysneck bio perspective

Answer 34

inidividual differences in reticular formation gives level of extroversion and introversion. Neuroticism is based on limbic system differences

Question 35

Jeffrey Alan Gray Bio Perspective

Answer 35

Personality governed by Sympathetic NS(fear), Behavior Inhibition System (Worry), Behavioral Approach System. (impulsivity)

Question 36

C Robert Cloninger Bio Perspective

Answer 36

Brain systems are related to reward, motivation, and punishment. Record level of Neurotransmitters.

Question 37

If one is low on dopamine, they seem to be more

Answer 37

impulsive. Cloninger

Question 38

If one is low on serotonin, they seem to be more

Answer 38

likely to avoid risks. Cloninger

Question 39

If one is low on norepinephrine, they seem to be more

Answer 39

approval seeking and dependent on rewards. Cloninger

Question 40

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 40

Physiological, Safety, Love/Belonging, Esteem, Self-Actualization