personality, learning, and values (ch2)

Question 1

define personality

Answer 1

the relatively stable set of psychological characteristics that influences the way an individual interacts and how they feel, think, and behave

Question 2

what are dimensions and traits determined by

Answer 2

genetics and long term learning history

Question 3

personality management approaches

Answer 3

1. dispositional
2. situational
3. interactionist

Question 4

what is dispositional

Answer 4

person will act the same way across different situations because of their inherent traits

Question 5

what is situational

Answer 5

behavior depends on the external factors, people change their behavior based on rewards and punishments

Question 6

what is interactionist

Answer 6

behavior is a result of both personality and situation

Question 7

what is job fit

Answer 7

putting the right person in the right job or organization

Question 8

what are the personality tests

Answer 8

1. myers briggs (mbit)
2. big 5 personality model

Question 9

what is the myers briggs test

Answer 9

it categorizes people into 16 personality types based on 4 dimensions

Question 10

w are the 4 dimensions of myers briggs

Answer 10

1. extrovert vs introvert
2. sensing vs intuition
3. thinking vs feeling
4. judging vs perceiving

Question 11

what does the big 5 personality model focus on

Answer 11

1. openness to experience
2. conscientiousness
3. agreeableness
4. emotional stability
5. extraversion

Question 12

define task performance

Answer 12

employee behavior that is directly related to completing core job responsibilities and contributes to organization’s performance

Question 13

define organizational citizenship behavior

Answer 13

voluntary actions by employees that are not part of their formal job requirements but contribute to their overall effectiveness

Question 14

what is deviant/counterproductive workplace behavior

Answer 14

voluntary actions that violate organizational norms and threaten the well being of the organization

Question 15

relevant personality traits

Answer 15

1. risk tasking
2. self monitoring
3. self esteem
4. positive affectivity
5. negative affectivity
6. general self efficacy
7. core self evaluations

Question 16

what is risk taking

Answer 16

willingness to take risk

Question 17

what is self monitoring

Answer 17

adjusting behavior to meet situational factors. high monitors are likely to be leaders

Question 18

what is self esteem

Answer 18

the degree who which a person has positive self evaluation

Question 19

what is positive affectivity

Answer 19

experience positive emotions and be optimistic

Question 20

what is negative affectivity

Answer 20

associated with lower job satisfaction

Question 21

what is proactive personality

Answer 21

improving current situation

Question 22

what is general self efficacy

Answer 22

belief in myself to perform successfully in challenging situations

Question 23

what is core self evaluations

Answer 23

specific traits that reflect their self worth

Question 24

what is type A personality

Answer 24

1. cannot cope with free time
2. impatient
3. try to do 2 things at once

Question 25

what is type B personality

Answer 25

never has a sense of urgency harder to predict than type A

Question 26

define learning

Answer 26

occurs when practice or experience leads to relatively permanent change in behavior potential

Question 27

what do employees learn

Answer 27

1. practical skills 2. intrapersonal 3. cultural awareness

Question 28

what is intrapersonal

Answer 28

problem solving or critical thinking

Question 29

what are the learning theories

Answer 29

1. operant 2. social cognitive 3. positive reinforcement 4. negative reinforcement 5.punishment 6. extinction

Question 30

what is operant learning theory

Answer 30

learning happens through reward and punishment

Question 31

what is social cognitive theory

Answer 31

the role of thought process in shaping our behavior. we learn from other’s actions and their consequences

Question 32

what is positive reinforcement

Answer 32

positive behavior-> positive consequences

Question 33

what is negative reinforcement

Answer 33

positive behavior-> removal of negative consequence

Question 34

what is punishment

Answer 34

negative behavior-> negative consequence

Question 35

what is extinction

Answer 35

negative behavior-> removal of positive consequence

Question 36

problems when using punishment

Answer 36

1. doesn’t teach desired/wanted behavior 2. might backfire by creating resentment or fear 3. only temporarily stops bad behavior

Question 37

components of social cognitive theory

Answer 37

1. observational learning 2. self efficacy 3. self regulation

Question 38

what is observational learning

Answer 38

learning by watching what others do and seeing what happens to them

Question 39

what is self regulation

Answer 39

using learning principles to manage your own behavior

Question 40

what is person-organization fit

Answer 40

when there’s a good fit, they’re more likely to perform better if there’s a mismatch it can lead to burnout