values, attitudes, and work behaviors (ch4)

Question 1

define values

Answer 1

personal compass, they guide our choices, actions, and decisions. they have to do with what we consider good and bad. they come from early experiences

Question 2

common work values

Answer 2

1. achievement
2. power
3. autonomy
4. conformity

Question 3

what is achievement (work value)

Answer 3

focus on personal growth

Question 4

what is power (work value)

Answer 4

desire for influence, leadership, and recognition through status or authority

Question 5

what is autonomy (work value)

Answer 5

value independence, freedom to make your own decisions

Question 6

what is conformity (work value)

Answer 6

following rules and norms. fitting in with social norms

Question 7

generational differences in values

Answer 7

1. traditionalist
2. baby boomers
3. gen x
4. millennials

Question 8

hofstede’s key dimensions

Answer 8

1. power distance
   2.uncertaintaty avoidance
2. masculinity vs femininity
3. individualism vs collectivism
4. long term vs short tern orientation

Question 9

what is power distance, small power vs high power

Answer 9

measures how comfortable a culture is with hierarchy and unequal power distribution.

small power distance: flatter hierarchy, people believe everyone should be treated equally.

high power distance: clear chain of command, people are comfortable with authority and hierarchy

Question 10

what is uncertainty avoidance, high avoidance vs low avoidance

Answer 10

1. how comfortable a culture is with uncertainty/risk
2. high avoidance likes structure and predictability (japan)
3. low avoidance is more open to flexibility and risk (singapore)

Question 11

what is masculinity vs femininity

Answer 11

the dominant values that a culture emphasizes

masculine: achievement, assertiveness, see things as a competition, in the work place they work long hours and push for promotion

feminine: place a higher value on quality of living and caring for others, in the work place they emphasize work life balance

Question 12

individualism vs collectivism

Answer 12

individualism: prioritizing my own individual needs
collectivism: putting group needs first

Question 13

long term vs short term orientation

Answer 13

long term: delay gratification
short term: immediate gratification

Question 14

what is attitude

Answer 14

more specific, targeted expression of our values, it shapes how we react to a specific thing

Question 15

what is job satisfaction

Answer 15

a collection of attitudes we have about or jobs, how we feel about the work itself

Question 16

aspects of job satisfaction

Answer 16

1. the work itself
2. compensation for hard work
3. recognition for your work
4. good benefits
5. good working conditions
6. good relationship with co workers

Question 17

what determines job satisfaction

Answer 17

1. discrepancy
2. fairness
3. disposition
4. mood and emotion

Question 18

what is discrepancy

Answer 18

gap between what we want from our jobs vs what we get. the bigger the gap the lower the satisfaction

Question 19

what is fairness

Answer 19

does the organization treat everyone fairly in terms of pay and performance evaluation. if there is high sense of unfairness levels of job satisfaction are low

Question 20

what is disposition

Answer 20

some people are naturally inclined to feel more or less satisfied with their jobs regardless of change in work conditions

Question 21

what is mood and emotion

Answer 21

workplace events, interactions, and individual personal traits can shape emotions and mood

Question 22

advantages of high job satisfaction

Answer 22

1. low absence from work
2. lower turnover rate
3. good performance
4. organizational citizenship behavior
5. customer satisfaction and profit