PH Final Study Guide Flashcards

Question

endemic

Answer 1

refers to the constant presence of a disease within a geographic area or population **provides the baseline for establishing a public health problem**

Answer 2

WHO encouraged people to use more generic terminology when naming pandemics & viruses instead of basing it off of area is started or people

Answer 3

-pain is ignored, denied or believed to be less than white patients -higher rates of misdiagnosis and poorer health outcomes -cheaper/less desirable procedures

Answer 4

-have a black provider care for a black pt when possible (this technique has halved infant mortality in black newborns) -engage the community and community leaders (ex: use barbershops as a place to hold blood pressure screening) -show authentic representation in educations and messaging (**acknowledge systemic racism as justifiable reason for mistrust when providing education**)

Answer 5

NIMS is a standardized approach to incident mgt and response in the US that was established by homeland security as a result of 9/11 Used for: natural disasters, acts of terrorism / public shootings, failing infrastructures, and transportation incidents

Answer 6

responsible for creating a unified command between responding agencies, evaluates the incident, creates & oversees plan of action and determines needs based on size of incident

Answer 7

responsible for monitoring hazards in day-to-day operations, enforces safety plans for scene operations and assist in developing emergency response plans should further incidents ensue

Answer 8

responsible for communicating information to the public and media, communicates facts and viewpoint of responding / controlling agency

Answer 9

relays information between incident commander, general staff and other agencies -> key purpose is to assist in communication between departments and field response efforts

Answer 10

responsible for documenting all expenses that should be reimbursed and tracks time units hours worked, cost of supply procurement and cost of compensation and claims

Answer 11

* Unknown amount of causalities * Search and rescue required * Incidents are normally long and ongoing

Answer 12

* Number of patients not expected to change * Pt’s triaged, treated & removed from scene

Answer 13

* sudden impact or acute onset * slow or chronic impact

Answer 14

* Unintentional or intentional * Biologic, nuclear, incendiary, chemical, explosive, technologic

Answer 15

prepare -> prevent -> respond -> recover ->

Answer 16

* Issue timely warnings * Implementing protective actions * Undertaking emergency mgt activates * Evacuating population pre disaster as needed

Answer 17

* ID potential hazards and vulnerabilities * Strengthening capacity (Identify existing strengths, attributes and resources available within a community, organization or society to manage and reduce disaster risks and strengthen resilience)

Answer 18

* Establish control of situation (ID a leader, determine roles, set up triage) * Implement lifesaving actions, managements and surveillance * Evacuating population immediately

Answer 19

* Monitor * Reestablish health services * Debriefing population and responders * Evaluate disaster mgt response

Answer 20

-headaches -dizziness -shortness of air -chest pain -seizures -vomiting

Answer 21

Poorly vented spaces

Answer 22

* Place on pulse ox * Place on high flow O2 via nonrebreather * Hyperbaric chamber and oxygen washout

Answer 23

social responsibility to protect the public from exposure to harm when scientific investigation has found a plausible risk **the precautions can be relaxed only if further scientific findings emerge that provide sound evidence that no harm will result**

Answer 24

-Educate, prevent and treat -Get community involved -Perform risk assessments -Risk communication -Epidemiological investigation -Policy advocacy & development

Answer 25

any environmental substance or situation that has the ability to cause an adverse health event includes physical, chemical and biological factors that are external to a person ex: pesticides, chemicals in consumer products, radiation, floor waters

Answer 26

the chance of being harmed by the hazard

Answer 27

1) identify and characterize the hazard -Who is impacted by the hazard -What type of hazard is in questions -How is the hazard reaching humans -How does the hazard enter the human body o Ingestion, inhalation, absorption o Acute vs chronic exposure o Severity of the adverse effects o Time frame 2) identify and characterize the key stakeholders 3) formulate a problem statement

Answer 28

- Take shoes off at the door - Keep house well ventilated - Purchase organic, fresh, local produce - Grow a garden w/o pesticides - Reduce red meat - Clean w/ baking soda and vinegar - Low VOC paints - Eat smaller fish to decrease mercury consumption - Reconsider your personal care products - Avoid Tabacco smoke - reduce radon - Avoid sources of BPA and PFAs (plastic)

Answer 29

reducing the flow of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere accomplish this by using clean energy like wind and solar & sustainable transportation

Answer 30

learning to live with, and adapt to, the climate change that has already been set in motion accomplish this by planting trees in urban settings, disaster mgt planning, climate resilience (roof top gardens and harvesting rain water)

Answer 31

- Toxicology studies - Epidemiologic studies - Environmental monitoring - Biological monitoring - Product surveillance

Answer 32

Control exposures at the source, along the path, at the level of the person and secondary prevention * at the source: person in quarantine * along the path: social distancing & barriers * at the level of the person: wearing PPE * secondary prevention: covid testing

Answer 33

**disability adjusted life year** DALY = years lived w/ disability + years of life lost * 1 DALY= losing 1 year in good health from either premature death or disease or disability Mortality does not give a complete picture of the burden of disease, **DALYs takes into account morbidity/the suffering that may occur for people living with disease or disability**

Answer 34

**Staff**: well trained, qualified staff in sufficient quantity to respond to need **Stuff**: ensuring the tools and resources needed for care delivery and administration **Space**: safe, appropriate spaces w/ capacity to serve patients **Systems**: leadership and governance, information, financing **Social support**: providing basic necessities and resources needed to ensure effective care

Answer 35

- Cancer survival - Heart attack and stroke survival - Medicating those w/ long term chronic conditions (diabetes) - Research

Answer 36

individuals who move from one place to another, typically for reasons like employment, education, family reunification, or a better quality of life **move voluntarily to seek better living conditions, work or security**

Answer 37

people who are forced to flee their home country due to well-founded fear of persecution. This persecution can be based on race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or membership in a particular social group **cannot return home d/t fear, will cross international borders and are typically granted asylum**

Answer 38

individuals who have fled their home country and are seeking protection in another country but have not yet been recognized as refugees under international law **applies for asylum claiming to be a refugee and their case is review to see if it meets qualifications**

Answer 39

people who have been forced to flee their homes due to armed conflict, violence, human rights violations, or natural disasters but remain within their own country’s borders **do not cross international borders**

Answer 40

Tool to quantify health loss from hundreds of diseases, injuries, and risk factors Health systems can be improved, and disparities can be eliminated GBD research incorporates both the prevalence of a given disease or risk factor and the relative harm it causes The tools allow decision-makers to compare the effects of different diseases, such as malaria versus cancer, and then use that information to prioritize prevention, research and funding

Answer 41

They provide for universal coverage and remove cost barriers They invest in primary care systems to ensure that high-value services are equitably available in all communities to all people They reduce administrative burdens that divert time, efforts and spending from health improvement efforts They invest in social services, especially for children and working age adults

Answer 42

characterize the toxicity profile of a hazard study the effects of chemicals on human health and the environment **usually done in lab**

Answer 43

study of the distribution of disease in populations and the factors that may contribute to it study the pattern of diseases associated with environmental exposures (like wild fires or harmful algae blooms) looks at who was exposed and what might develop d/t the exposure

Answer 44

monitoring the quality of the environment ex: air samples, water samples, noise or light pollution

Answer 45

after being exposed to environmental hazard, it may be possible to detect how much of that substance has gotten into a person's body measures the amount of the chemical or its breakdown products (a metabolite) in a sample of a person's blood or urine

Answer 46

monitoring the environmental impact of products ex: what is the impact of using plastic on the environment

Answer 47

air monitoring networks look at ozone and particulate matter in the air bc ozone exposure has been shown to trigger a reflex response in the lungs that alter breathing **if you have asthma, cannot breath deeply when the ozone is high**

Answer 48

changing weather patterns

Answer 49

changes in availability of clean water

Answer 50

slows the rate of global warming and limits the rate of warming through this two tiered approach

Answer 51

-generate electricity from clean sources (solar, wind) -drive less -reduce beef consumption -recycle, reuse -use water efficiently -turn off lights, computers, & TVs when not using -plant community gardens -plant trees -advocate

Answer 52

17 goals related to poverty reduction and the measuring & improving of determinants of health and wellbeing **work towards the global good**

Answer 53

**goal was health for all** focus on social and structural inequities, support primary care that was equity oriented and also change the way that we pay for it and the way we think about it **change from consumer service to community service**

PH Final Study Guide Flashcards

(77 cards)