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Low Yield Semmelweis > Pharma List A > Flashcards

Pharma List A Flashcards

(105 cards)

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1
Q

All Prodrugs of ACE I except

A

Captopril , lisinopril

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2
Q

Which drug u won’t give together with ACE I

A

NSAIDS
decrease PG thus constricting the afferent arteriole and decreasing GFR .

ACE I dilated efferent arteries causing decrease GFR

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3
Q

Which drug has the following CI : hereditary angioedeme

A

ACE I

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4
Q

Which ACE I has also liver elimination?

A

fosinopril , Spirapril

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5
Q

Which ARB improves cognitive function ?

A

Candesartan

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6
Q

Which drug is the first line in HTN

A

ACE I ( except in pregnancy- teratogenic)

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7
Q

How many times a day u should give ACE I

A

Once . Short HL but long enzyme inactivation. Reduces ang 2

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8
Q

With which drug will u combine ACE I

A

Thiazides . Balance k level .

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9
Q

Which drug is the DOC in DM and HTN pt

A

ACE I . Reduce proteinuria

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10
Q

Treatment steps in HTN

A

Life style , diuretics , sympatholytic , ACE I , vasodilator

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11
Q

Which thiazides increase LDL

A

Hydrochlorothiazid

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12
Q

Which diuretic is the DOC in severe HTN

A

Furosemide due to rapid and short action

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13
Q

Which drug is the so called “add on drug “ in HTN

A

Spirinolacton - can decrease mortality . If 3 drugs don’t work already than u should add it too

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14
Q

Drug that requires cysteine In his metabolic process

A

Nitroglycerin

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15
Q

Contraindications of nitrates

A

Right Heart failure, silidenafil , HOCM

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16
Q

Methahemaglobinemia is a SE of

A

Nitrates . Rare ! With prolonged if infusion .

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17
Q

Which drug/s u will always combine with hydralazin

A

Beta blocker for reflex and diuretic for the edema .

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18
Q

Which vasodilator u will give to black Americans

A

Hydralazine due to resistance to ACE I

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19
Q

Drugs that induce DM

A

Minoxidil ,diazoxide . Due to opening ATP k Channels .

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20
Q

Which drug indicated for baldness ?

A

Minoxidil

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21
Q

Drug that is indicated in insulinoma and in HTN crisis .

A

Diazoxide

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22
Q

Short acting Ca channel blockers

A

Nifedipine , Nimodipine

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23
Q

Ca channel blockers in atherosclerosis

A

Lacidipine increases affinity to cholesterol rich issue . Isradipine - improve lipid profile

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24
Q

Which drug indicated in prinzmetal angina

A

Amlodipine nifedipine

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25
Risk of ischemic steal phenomena is high in which kind of CCI
Short acting . Also cause reflex tachycardia
26
Pregnancy HTN drugs
Nifedipine , Alpha methyl dopa
27
Verapamil SE
Gingival hyperplasia , constipation
28
Which diuretic drug enhances cox2 expression ?
Loop diuretic . Increasing PG causes after the vasodilation and enhance diuretic effect. Most effective diuretic drug !!
29
Which diuretic is the DOC in acute renal failure and chronic one too ?
Furosemide
30
Why is it CI o give furosemide in cirrhosis
Hepatic encephalopathy. Alkalosis inhibits ammonia to ammonium transformation
31
Which loop won't cause interstitial nephritis?
Ethacrynic . Not sulfonamide . Worse ototoxicity
32
When do you use furosemide in HTN
Only in renal failure and left ventricular failure
33
What is the effect of thiazides on lipid profile
Increase LDL ( except indopamide )
34
Which drug is combined with hydrochlorothiazid in HTN
ACE I
35
Which diuretic will u use in nephrogenic DI
Thiazides
36
Oral contraceptive that is also aldosterone inhibitor
Drospirenone
37
Drug that used in Polycystic ovary
Spirinolacton that blocks 17 alpha hydroxylase
38
Nephrogenic DI causes by lithium can be treated by which drug
amiloride
39
Indications of osmotic diuretics
Acute renal failure (oliguric state ) , cerebral edema , IOP .
40
CI of osmotic diuretics
Cerebral trauma
41
Vasopressin 2 selective antagonist and indications
Tolvaptan- SIADH , polycystic kidney .
42
Which diuretic decreases mortality in HF
K sparing
43
What do statins do ? And in which hyperlipidemia can be used
Increase LDL R , decrease VLDL and LDL cholesterol. Used in combined hyperlipidemia
44
Most potent statin
Atrovastatin
45
SE of statins
Hepatotoxic due to decrease VLDL Rhabdomyolysis - decrease coenzyme Q Renal failure
46
Which drugs is batter not to combine with statins
Macrolide's, fibrate . Due to cytochrome inhibition .
47
Drug that is CI in hypertriglceridemia.
Resins . Cholestyramine cholestipol. They increase in compensatory mechanisms the VLDL and TG
48
Indications for statins
Primers hypercholestrolemia- increase in LDL only
49
MOA of Niacin
Decrease VLDL LDL , increase HDL , decrease HSL which leads to less TG in plasma .
50
Best HDL rising agent
Niacin
51
Agent used mostly in hypertriglyceridemia
Fibrates . Gemfibrozil and fenofibrate due to decreasing VLDL , apo C , and increasing LPL
52
Cytochrome interactions of P2Y12 inhibitors
Inhibitors of cyp2c19 . Omeprazole fluoxetine fluconazole inhibit clopidogrel activation
53
Not prodrugs of P2Y12 I
Ticagrelor cangrelor
54
Ticlopidin SE
Thrombocytopenia
55
Vorapexar MOA
Inhibit platelet PAR1 ( thrombin receptor )
56
In which drug severe bleeding might need thrombocytes infusion due to long HL
Abciximab
57
Competitive antg of Gp2b3a
Eptifibatide and tirofiban . More selective to thrombocytes
58
Dypiridamole and cilostazol MOA
Inhibit PDE and increase Plasma Adenosine leading to increasing cAMP . Vasodilation and plt inhibition
59
Complication of dipyridamole
Coronary steal syndrome - due to its vasodilator activity
60
Dipyridamol indication
Heart valve thrombus prophylaxis - only with warfarin
61
Which keep Nd of heparin drug has more predictable BV and longer HL
LMWH - binds less to proteins . DOA 2-4 hours
62
Which drug Inactivates factor 10 only among the heparins
LMWH (less than 18 MS) and fundaoarinux ( lowest MWH)
63
aPTT must b measured in which heparin drug and what is the goal .
UFH . Goal is 1.5 -2.5
64
Which anticoagulant will you use in pregnancy ?
Heparin . Warfarin is teratogenic
65
Give an example for LMWH drug
Enoxarin , deltaprin , tinzaprin
66
How Heparin is measured
Units in 1000 unit range . 5000IU is given in acute therapy -MI
67
High dose SE of Heparin
Impaired aldosterone synthesis and osteoporosis in long term .
68
Which anticoagulant will u give as a starting therapy ?
Heparin due to rapid action
69
Which platelet factor is involved in HIT
Factor 4 and heparin bound by IgG . 4 first days of treatment
70
Which drug is used for DVT mostly
Fundaparinux
71
Portamin sulfate works in which type of heparin mostly
HMWH
72
Danaparoid indication
HIT type 2 . Only factor 10 inactivation
73
Which direct thrombin inhibitors has elimination not depended on kidney and liver
Bivalirudin - proteolytic cleavage
74
How Hirudin is monitored
aPTT
75
What is the indication if bivaluridin
PCI
76
Which thrombin inhibitor is a prodrug
Debigatrin etaxilate
77
Which thrombin direct inhibitor is effected from liver disease
Argatroben - hepatic elimination
78
Antidote for apixaban and rivaroxaban
Ciraparantag
79
Idarucizumab used as ...
Antidote of Debigatrin
80
Which drug monitored by prothrombin time
Warfarin
81
Long acting warfarin drug
Phenprocumon-150hrs
82
Which drug is most likely to be given in chronic treatment in thromboembolic prophylaxis
Warfarin - start with heparin first
83
Short acting warfarin drug
Acenocumarol -16 hr
84
How is warfarin metabolized ?
Glucoronide conjugation , mostly renal elimination
85
CYP inducers that increase Cumarin metabolism .
Barbiturates, rifampin , phenytoin , grisefluvin
86
CYP inhibitors that decrease cumarin metabolism
Metronidazol, fluconazol , amiodarone , cimetidin
87
Which values are increases during using fibrinolytic drugs
Pt , aPTT , D dimer
88
Which tissue plasminogen activator is less fibrin selective
Reteplase , alteplase
89
Which tPA resistant to PAI 1 inactivation
Tenecteplase
90
Name fibrinolytics with some clot selectivity
Amistreplase , prourokinase , tenecteplase
91
Which drug will u use in hemophilia A
Desmopressin
92
Competitive antg at lys binding site
Aminocarporic acid , p amino methylbenzoic . Orally active
93
Which anti ulcer drug is acid labile
PPI ; omeprazol , rabeprazol , esmoprazol , lasnoprazol ,
94
Which anti ulcer drug can change the V max of enzymes
PPI - irreversible.
95
Reversible proton pump inhibitor
Revaprazan
96
Which anti ulcer drug will u use at bedtime
Anti histamine . ( histamine dominates at night more )
97
Which anti ulcer drug has hepatic metabolism
PPI ( anti H has renal elimination )
98
Cimetidine SE
CYP inhibition , inhibition of androgen receptor too .
99
H pylori eradication triple therapy
PPI , clarithromycin and amoxicillin / metronidazole
100
How antacids effect oral absorption of basic and acidic drugs . Give examples
Acidic drugs decreased e.g. Warfarin | Basic drugs increased e.g. Quinidine
101
Calcium carbonate SE
Metabolic alkalosis and milk alkali syndrome .
102
Which antacid causes diarrhea
Magnesium hydroxine
103
Misoprostol SE
Diarrhea and uterine contraction
104
Clinical us of bismuth subcitrate / subcalicylate
H pylori , dyspepsia , diarrhea
105
MOA of sucralfate
Works in low ph only , binds ulcers for 6 hours and can increase PG

Low Yield Semmelweis (37 decks)

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