physio exam 1

Question 0

8 components of cardiac cycle;

5 diastole

Answer 0

Protodiastole
Isometric relaxation 
Rapid flow
Diastasis 
Atrial systole

Question 1

4 components of cardiac cycle

Answer 1

Systole; contraction and ejection

Diastole: relaxation and filling

Question 2

Protodiastole

Answer 2

Interventricular pressure decrease

Closing of Av valves

Question 3

Isometric relaxation

Answer 3

Ventricle is closed
muscles relaxed
No lengthening

Question 4

Rapid flow

Answer 4

Immediately after opening of AV valves

Ventricular filling

Question 5

Diastasis

Answer 5

No blood flowing from atria

Question 6

Atrial systole

Answer 6

Atrial contraction

Increase ventricular filling

Question 7

8 components of cardiac cycle

3 systole

Answer 7

Isometric contraction
Rapid ejection
Reduced ejection

Question 8

Isometric contraction

Answer 8

Just after beginning of ventricular systole but before opening of the semilunar valves

Question 9

Rapid ejection

Answer 9

Semlilunar valves open

Blood pushed into the great arteries

Question 10

Reduced ejection

Answer 10

Ventricles remain contracted but little blood flows out

Question 11

Cardiac cycle

Answer 11

All the cardiac events the occur at the beginning of one cycle to the beginning of the next

Question 12

Cardiac output

Answer 12

Is defined as the volume of blood ejected by each ventricle per unit of time
Co= SV x HR

Question 13

CO percentages

Answer 13

Brain - 13%
Cardiac muscle - 4 %
Kidneys 20- 25%

Question 14

co in Brain

Answer 14

13%

Question 15

CO in cardiac muscle

Answer 15

4%

Question 16

CO in kidneys

Answer 16

20-25%

Question 17

HR at rest

Answer 17

80beats /min

Question 18

Normal rest CO

Answer 18

5-6 L/min

Question 19

SV at rest

Answer 19

70-80 mL / per system

Same for both ventricles but usually refers to as LV

Question 20

SV affected by

Answer 20

Venous return
Peripheral resistance
And autonomic nervous system

Question 21

If HR increase to 90

Answer 21

CO increases

Question 22

If HR increase from 90-140

Answer 22

CO remains the same b/c SV decrease with increase in HR because ventricles have less time to fill during diastole

Question 23

If HR increases pass 140

Answer 23

Then CO decrease because SV decrease faster than the increase in HR

Question 24

Starlings law of the heart

Answer 24

If all factors are constant SV is determined by the force of the contraction The heart will automatically eject all the blood that enters it over a broad range of volume

Question 25

End diastolic volume

Answer 25

The volume prior to ventricle contraction determines the initial length of the ventricle muscle fibers

Question 26

End diastolic volume determines

Answer 26

Preload

Question 27

Preload

Answer 27

Is the degree of tension of the muscle when it begins to contract

Question 28

.

Answer 28

Baroreceptors

Question 29

Cardiac center

Answer 29

Medulla oblongata

Question 30

Increased blood pressure sends impulse to

Answer 30

Cardio inhibitor center to triggers parasympathetic stimulation

Question 31

Parasympathetic stimulation

Answer 31

Decrease HR cardiac contraction CO and BP

Question 32

If BP decrease impulses are sent to

Answer 32

Cardioaccelerator for sympathetic stimulation

Question 33

2 baroreceptors

Answer 33

In aorta and carotid arteries

Question 34

Aorta baro receptors

Answer 34

Aortic sinus at aortic arch innervated by vagus

Question 35

Carotid arteries baro receptors

Answer 35

Carotid sinus located at bifurcation of each carotid and innervated by carotid sinus nerve or nerve of hearing

Question 36

Chemoreceptors

Answer 36

Respond to variation of concentration of o2 and co2 in the blood

Question 37

Chemoreceptors locations

Answer 37

Aortic and carotid sinuses

Question 38

Chemoreceptors in aortic sinus

Answer 38

Aortic bodies are scattered in ten tissue between aorta and pulmonary arteries

Question 39

Carotid sinus chemoreceptors

Answer 39

Carotid bodies are rostral to the bifurcation of each common carotid

Question 40

Hypoxemia

Answer 40

Causes increase in co ; stimulation of medulla oblongata | If limited carotid and aortic bodies ; heart action will decrease or be unchanged