Plant nutrition Details

Question 1

Word equation for photosynthesis

Answer 1

carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen

Question 2

Chemical equation for photosynthesis

Answer 2

6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

Question 3

Function of chlorophyll

Answer 3

transfers energy from light into energy in chemicals for the synthesis of carbohydrates

Question 4

Use of starch

Answer 4

energy storage

Question 5

Use of cellulose

Answer 5

used build cell walls

Question 6

Use of glucose

Answer 6

used in respiration to provide energy

Question 7

Use of sucrose

Answer 7

transport in the phloem

Question 8

Use of nectar

Answer 8

attracts insects for pollination

Question 9

Importance of nitrate ions

Answer 9

used in building amino acids

Question 10

Importance of magnesium ions

Answer 10

used to make chlorophyll

Question 11

Effects of nitrate ion deficiency

Answer 11

-Slow down the growth of the plant
-Cause the stem to weaken
-Cause leaves to turn yellow(ish)

Question 12

Effects of magnesium ion deficiency

Answer 12

-Cause photosynthesis to slow down
-Cause leaves to turn yellow

Question 13

Adaptations of leaves

Answer 13

-Large surface area(to absorb as much sunlight as possible)
-Thin(carbon dioxide has a shorter distance to diffuse, hence diffusion occurs at a faster rate)

Question 14

Function of cuticle

Answer 14

made of wax which waterproofs the leaf and reduces water loss from the leaf(without reducing light absorption)

Question 15

Function of upper/lower epidermis

Answer 15

acts as a protective barrier around the leaf to prevent pathogens entering and causing harm to the organism

Question 16

Function of stomata

Answer 16

allows carbon dioxide in by diffusion, and water vapour and oxygen out of the leaf by diffusion

Question 17

Function of guard cells

Answer 17

control the opening/closing of the stomata(to limit water loss from the plant)

Question 18

Function of palisade mesophyll

Answer 18

main site of photosynthesis(they also receive carbon dioxide via diffusion from air spaces in the spongy mesophyll)

Question 19

Function of spongy mesophyll

Answer 19

allows for rapid diffusion of carbon dioxide, waste and oxygen(when the stomata are open)

Question 20

Function of vascular bundle

Answer 20

transports essential substances to various parts of the plant(contains xylem and phloem)

Question 21

Function of xylem

Answer 21

-transports water and mineral ions through plants from the roots
-support

Question 22

Function of phloem

Answer 22

transports sugars and amino acids away from the leaf to the rest of the plant(translocation)

Question 23

Features of palisade mesophyll cells

Answer 23

-Contain many chloroplasts
-Long

Question 24

Features of spongy mesophyll cells

Answer 24

-Spherical
-Cells are loosely packed(loose packing creates spaces for gas exchange)
-Contain chloroplasts(but not as much as the palisade mesophyll layer)

Question 25

Features of xylem

Answer 25

-Made from hollowed out dead cells
-Have a thick cell wall(to provide structural strength)
-Are thin(to allow for capillary action)

Question 26

Features of phloem

Answer 26

-Have no nucleus
-Made of living cells

Question 27

Features of upper/lower epidermis

Answer 27

-Transparent(to let light through)
-Do not contain chloroplasts